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Geography physical
Tropical cyclones and droughts
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Conditions for a tropical cyclone
26.5
degrees or
higher
(water temperature)
water has to have a depth of
70m
winds
that blow in
different directions
on the
ocean surface
low wind shear
Formation of a tropical cyclone
Water
evaporates
which creates
clouds
Warm air
rises
which creates an area of
low pressure
and
increase surface winds
The tropical cyclone moves
west
due to
easterly winds.
The Earth
rotation deflects
the
winds
making the
storm spin
Features of a tropical cyclone
Eye:
=
50km
= no
rain
or
clouds
=
high temps
=
low
pressure and
light winds
Eyewall:
= spiralling
rising
air
=
strong winds
(160km/h)
=
storm
clouds and
rain
=
low temps
Spin
anticlockwise
in the
north hemisphere
and
clockwise
in the
southern hemisphere
Last
7-14
days
Hazards of tropical rainstorms
High winds
(
250km/h
)
Intense rainfall
Storm surges
(
sea levels rise drastically
)
Coastal flooding
(result of
storm surges
)
Landslides
What is drought?
Drought is when an region gets
below average rainfall
for a
long period
of
time]
Hazards caused by droughts
Depletion
of
water supplies
Food shortages
(
crops
don't get as much
water
)
Soil dries up
and
plants die
Wildfires
(
vegetation
becomes
dry
)
Causes of drought:
Changes
in
atmospheric
circulation
Climate change
causes
water
to
evaporate
faster
Lack
of
water stores
Intensive farming
(draining water)
Building dams
(can affect areas downstream of the dam)
Deforestation