PUNISHMENT

• There were changing attitudes about punishment - the idea of rehabilitation was introduced.
• Due to changing attitudes:

  • There was a decrease in the death penalty (end of Bloody Code)
  • There was an increase in transportation, then imprisonment
• Transportation to Australia

  • Increased as crime increased
  • Criminals worked for settlers
  • 7 years free labour
• Transportation ended because:

  • There was no longer any need for forced labourers
  • It was too expensive and not enough of a deterrent
  • Too harsh for criminals/families
  • Increased use of prisons
• When did public execution and transportation end?

  1868
• Reformers aimed to improve conditions in prisons to increase rehabilitation.
• John Howard was responsible for the passing of the 1774 Gaols Act, improving conditions in prisons and the health of prisoners.
• Elizabeth Fry improved the lives of women in Newgate Prison by providing them with education and better food, clothes and treatment.