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• MRS C GREN


  • Movement
  • Respiration
  • Sensitivity
  • Control
  • Growth
  • Reproduction
  • Excretion
  • Nutrition
• Movement


  Change of position or place

  • Plants: Slow growth hormones
  • Animals: Muscles
• Respiration


  Chemical release of energy through the breaking down of nutrient molecules (glucose)
• Growth


  Permanent increase in size and dry mass via an increase of

  • Cell size
  • Cell number
• Reproduction


  Production of the same kind of organisms (offspring)
• Excretion


  Removal of waste products from metabolism, toxic materials and substances in excess amounts
• Nutrition


  Taking in of materials for energy, growth and development
• Sensitivity


  Sense and detect stimuli from internal and external environments and make appropriate responses
• Control


  Regulate internal conditions such as

  • Water levels
  • pH levels
  • Temperature
• Eukaryote


  Organism with a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles

  • 10-100 Micrometers
  • Most multicellular, Some unicellular (Fungi: Yeast)
• Eukaryotic Organisms


  • Animals
  • Plants
  • Fungi
  • Protoctists
• Animal Examples of Eukaryotes


  • Mammals (Humans)
  • Insects (Housefly, Mosquito)
• Plant Examples of Eukaryotes


  • Cereals (Maize)
  • Herbaceous Legumes (Peas, Beans)
• Fungi Examples of Eukaryotes


  • Unicellular (Yeast)
  • Multicellular (Mucor)
• Protoctist Examples of Eukaryotes 


  • Plant-cell-like (Chlorella)
  • Animal-cell-like (Amoeba)
• Prokaryote


  Organism withOUT a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles

  • 0.1 - 0.5 Micrometers
  • Unicellular (Bacteria)
• Plants


  • Multicellular eukaryotic organisms
  • Cell wall: Cellulose
  • Store carbohydrates as: Starch or Sucrose
  • Contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis

  Examples: Cereal (Maize), Herbaceous Legumes (Peas, Beans)
• Animals


  • Multicellular eukaryotic organisms
  • Cell wall: NONE
  • Stores carbohydrates as: Glycogen
  • Contain a nervous co-ordination system
  • Can move from place to place

  Examples: Mammals (Humans), Insects (Housefly, Mosquito)
• Fungi


  • Multicellular or unicellular eukaryotic organisms
  • Cell wall: Chitin
  • Stores carbohydrates as: Glycogen
  • Feed through saprotrophic nutrition
  • Mycelium body made of thread-like structures (Hyphae)

  Examples: Multicellular fungal-hyphal structure (Mucor), Unicellular (Yeast)
• Protoctists


  Microscopic unicellular eukaryotic organisms

  • Plant-cell-like: Chlorella (contain chloroplasts)
  • Animal-cell-like: Amoeba
  • Pathogen: Plasmodium (causes malaria)
• Bacteria

  • Microscopic unicellular prokaryotic organisms
  • Cell wall: Peptidoglycan
  • Feed off other organisms (some can photosynthesize)
  • Contain a circular chromosome or DNA (no nucleus)

  Examples: Rod-shaped (Lactobacillus Bulgaricus), Spherical (Pneumococcus)
• Prokaryotic Organisms

  All prokaryotic organisms are bacteria

  • Rod-shaped (Lactobacillus Bulgaricus) for yogurt
  • Spherical (Pneumococcus) causes pneumonia
• Pathogen


  Organism or particle that causes a disease to its host
• Pathogenic Organisms / Particles


  • Fungi
  • Bacteria (Pneumococcus, causes pneumonia)
  • Protoctists (Plasmodium causes malaria)
  • Viruses (HIV causes AIDS, etc)
• Viruses

  • Parasitic pathogen (particles)
  • Non-living as they require a host to survive
  • Infect every type of living organism
  • Contain 1 type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
  • No cellular structure
• Virus Examples

  • Tobacco mosaic virus: causes discolouration of the tobacco mosaic plant's leaves (prevents chloroplasts from being made)
  • Influenza virus: causes flu
  • HIV: causes AIDS
• Saprotrophic Nutrition


  Feeding through extracurricular excretion of digestive enzymes onto food material then absorbing organic product