EAPP

• Concept Paper


  A form of academic text/ professional writing that seeks to elucidate certain ideas or concepts
• Three approaches to elucidate concepts


  • Definition
  • Explication
  • Clarification
• Definition


  A method of identifying a term and making its meaning clearer
• Definition


  • Formal Definition
  • Informal Definition
  • Extended Definition
• Formal Definition


  It is kind of definition that can often find in the dictionary, using genus and differentia to put meaning to a concept in an entire sentence
• Informal Definition


  Provides operational definition or how the term is used when applied in a specific context, are short definitions placed right after the word being defined
• Extended Definition


  Used when greater detail is needed for a concept to be understood
• Explication


  Done by using phrases, sentences, quotes, verses, passages from reputable academic or literary material, and explaining them in detail
• Clarification


  Breaking down abstract ideas into smaller, more concrete and familiar ideas, entails the analysis of the concept by looking at the examples
• Data gathering


  The main purpose is to gather relevant information for analysis and decision-making, generate insights, monitor progress, solve problems, and contribute to the existing body of knowledge
• Interview


  A formal conversation in which one or more persons ask questions, consult, or evaluate a person about material or issue
• Surveys/Questionnaire


  A set or series of questions used to gather data or information from specific respondents, also used to analyze and process data, a popular method for gathering data concerning individuals' representative of a larger populations
• Considerations for Survey Questionnaires


  • Area of interest
  • Respondents
  • Details on the research seeks to determine
  • Type of questions
  • Designing questions
  • Sequence or order of questions
  • Platform for administration
  • Validity and reliability
  • Ethical considerations
  • Data privacy
• Observation


  An active process of gathering information that involves thorough and careful monitoring, perceiving, and noticing something or someone, can be overt or covert
• Experiment


  A process that involves discovery, formulation of a hypothesis, and demonstration of something to prove a fact or an idea, involving independent and dependent variables
• Graphic Organizers


  Learning aids and tools that help organize information, thoughts, and ideas using visual representations
• Types of Graphic Organizers


  • Venn Diagram
  • Sequence Chart
  • Story Map
  • KWL Chart
  • Mind Map
• Presentation of Concepts


  The process of communicating the results of work, study, or research, usually presented through the use of graphic representations, done in a formal way and considers steps in delivering
• Steps in Presentation of Concepts


  • Introduction
  • Give Credentials
  • Develop Your Hook
  • State Your Agenda
  • Give Credible Statement
• Results and Findings


  An essential part of the research or report that summarizes and presents the outcome of the work, based on the data gathered and methodologies used, provides an overview of the effectiveness or failure of the study conducted
• Guidelines in writing results & findings

  • Presentation of findings must be clear and easy to understand
  • Consider the readers or recipients of the report or research
  • Include only significant findings to avoid confusions
  • Detailed information must be attached in the appendix
  • Use an effective style of presenting the findings such as tables and graphs
  • Graphic representation must be a help to clearly explain the findings and must not provide confusions
  • Avoid including unnecessary information or pictures
• Tables, Charts, and Graphs


  Used to provide graphic representation of the data gathered, shows clear interpretation and analysis of the information presented
• Types of Graphic Representations


  • Table
  • Line Graph
  • Bar Graph
  • Pictograph
  • Pie Chart
• Table


  Used to present data in columns and rows containing facts in numerical and textual form to clearly show an organized information or data
• Line Graph


  A diagram which uses lines and curves to show comparison of variables and its changes over a period of time, consisting of vertical (y-axis) and horizontal (x-axis) axes and using numerical data
• Bar Graph


  Used to show how two or more sets of data are related through the use of horizontal and vertical bars, with parts labelled based on the category or numerical variable
• Pictograph


  Uses pictures to show or display data, where each picture represents a number which may ease the interpretation of the information presented
• Pie Chart


  Also called a circle graph, divided into segments that represent part of a whole depending on the category, uses percentage to show comparison of variables