He was also known as Ahmad Shah Abdali and was a skilled Afghan commander who was born in the Heart of Afghanistan in 1722. He led ten invasions into northern India from 1747 to 1769 including three attacks on the Punjab between 1747 and 1753. These invasions greatly weakened the Mughal Empire. He defeated the Marathas in the third and last battle of Panipat in 1761 and broke their strength decisively. He died in 1772 in Kandhar in Afghanistan.