STAS 1

• Philosophy


  The study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind and language
• Philosophy


  The study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind and language
• The Human Person Flourishing in Terms of Science and Technology

  • Technological pessimism - a tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believes that the worst will happen; a lack of hope or confidence in the future
  • Technological optimism - Refers to the unending human ingenuity, or at least human ingenuity with no foreseeable limit because human ingenuity is a necessary element though not a sufficient factor in the condition of technological advance
• Examples of Human Ingenuity

  • Systems—laws, methods of government, transportation, education, healthcare
  • Communication—statistics, language, mathematical formulae, codes
  • Technology—buildings, machinery, tools
  • Thought—principles, concepts, ideas, opinions, attitudes
  • Art—painting, sculpture, embroidery, theatre, music
• Martin Heidegger


  • German philosopher whose work is associated with phenomenology and existentialism
  • He begins "The Question Concerning Technology"
• Phenomenology


  The study of structures of consciousness as experienced from the first-person point of view
• Existentialism


  The philosophical belief we are responsible for creating purpose or meaning in our own lives
• Examples of Human Ingenuity

  • Systems—laws, methods of government, transportation, education, healthcare
  • Communication—statistics, language, mathematical formulae, codes
  • Technology—buildings, machinery, tools
  • Thought—principles, concepts, ideas, opinions, attitudes
  • Art—painting, sculpture, embroidery, theatre, music
• Phenomenon particular and phenomenon perceived

  • The nurses' experience of giving an injection - the 'phenomenon particular' (the injection) as well as 'phenomenon perceived' the real life experience of giving an injection
• Martin Heidegger


  • German philosopher whose work is associated with phenomenology and existentialism
  • He begins "The Question Concerning Technology"
• Field trip


  • The best example of existentialism. Students go outside of their classrooms and learn what they cannot learn in their classrooms. This learning will lead students to find their meaning of life, because they get to know what they like, what they want to learn, what is important to them
• Technology as a way of revealing

  • Technology is a means to an end
  • Technology is a human activity
• Phenomenology


  The study of structures of consciousness as experienced from the first-person point of view
• Existentialism


  The philosophical belief we are responsible for creating purpose or meaning in our own lives
• Enframing


  • The manner in which Being manifests itself in the age of technology
  • Enframing allows human being to reveal reality as standing reserve
• Phenomenon particular and phenomenon perceived

  • The nurses' experience of giving an injection - the 'phenomenon particular' (the injection) as well as 'phenomenon perceived' the real life experience of giving an injection
• Calculative thinking


  One orders and puts a system to nature so it can be understood better and controlled
• Meditative thinking


  One lets nature reveal itself to him/her without forcing it
• Field trip


  • The best example of existentialism. Students go outside of their classrooms and learn what they cannot learn in their classrooms. This learning will lead students to find their meaning of life, because they get to know what they like, what they want to learn, what is important to them
• Technology as a way of revealing

  • Technology is a means to an end
  • Technology is a human activity
• Causality


  • Technology brings about change causally
  • The cause is what is responsible for the effect, and the effect is indebted to the cause
  • The unifying notion is that of starting something on its way to arrival
  • Being responsible is an inducing to go forward
• Bringing Forth


  • The bringing forth which underlies causality is a bringing out of concealment
  • This revealing is what the Greeks call truth
  • Technology brings forth as well, and it is a revealing
• Enframing


  • The manner in which Being manifests itself in the age of technology
  • Enframing allows human being to reveal reality as standing reserve
• Calculative thinking


  One orders and puts a system to nature so it can be understood better and controlled
• Modern Technology


  • The revealing of modern technology is not a bringing-forth, but a challenging-forth
  • It challenges nature, by extracting something from it and transforming it, storing it up, distributing it, etc.
• Meditative thinking


  One lets nature reveal itself to him/her without forcing it
• The Standing-Reserve


  • Modern technology takes all of nature to stand in reserve for its exploitation
  • Man is challenged to do this, and as such he becomes part of the standing reserve
  • Man becomes the instrument of technology, to be exploited in the ordering of nature
• Enframing


  • It is not man that orders nature through technology, but a more basic process of revealing
  • The challenge of this revealing is called "enframing"
  • In enframing, the actual is revealed as a standing-reserve
  • Enframing is the essence of technology
• Causality


  • Technology brings about change causally
  • The cause is what is responsible for the effect, and the effect is indebted to the cause
  • The unifying notion is that of starting something on its way to arrival
  • Being responsible is an inducing to go forward
• Bringing Forth


  • The bringing forth which underlies causality is a bringing out of concealment
  • This revealing is what the Greeks call truth
  • Technology brings forth as well, and it is a revealing
• Modern Technology


  • The revealing of modern technology is not a bringing-forth, but a challenging-forth
  • It challenges nature, by extracting something from it and transforming it, storing it up, distributing it, etc.
• The Standing-Reserve


  • Modern technology takes all of nature to stand in reserve for its exploitation
  • Man is challenged to do this, and as such he becomes part of the standing reserve
  • Man becomes the instrument of technology, to be exploited in the ordering of nature
• Destining


  • Men are sent upon the way of revealing the actual as a standing-reserve
  • So enframing, and hence technology, is a "destining"
  • The destining of man to reveal nature carries with it the danger of misconstrual (a kind of misinterpretation resulting from putting a wrong actions)
• The Danger


  • Man is in danger of becoming merely part of the standing-reserve
  • Alternatively, he may find only himself in nature
  • Most importantly, he may think that the ordering of the world through technology is the fundamental mode of revealing
  • So the real threat of technology comes from its essence, not its activities or products
• Enframing


  • It is not man that orders nature through technology, but a more basic process of revealing
  • The challenge of this revealing is called "enframing"
  • In enframing, the actual is revealed as a standing-reserve
  • Enframing is the essence of technology
• Destining


  • Men are sent upon the way of revealing the actual as a standing-reserve
  • So enframing, and hence technology, is a "destining"
  • The destining of man to reveal nature carries with it the danger of misconstrual (a kind of misinterpretation resulting from putting a wrong actions)
• The Danger


  • Man is in danger of becoming merely part of the standing-reserve
  • Alternatively, he may find only himself in nature
  • Most importantly, he may think that the ordering of the world through technology is the fundamental mode of revealing
  • So the real threat of technology comes from its essence, not its activities or products
• Technology itself is a contrivance, or, in Latin, an instrumentum
• Everything depends on our manipulating technology in the proper manner as a means. We will, as we say, “get” technology “spiritually in hand.”
• The will to mastery becomes all the more urgent the more technology threatens to slip from human control