Respiration

• Digestive organs


  • Salivary glands
  • Pancreas
  • Small intestine
• Starch


  A complex carbohydrate that is broken down into glucose during digestion
• Amylase


  An enzyme that breaks down starch into glucose
• Absorption


  The process of taking in nutrients from the digestive system into the bloodstream
• Villi


  • Finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption
  • Thin-walled
  • Large blood supply
• Blood maintains concentration gradient


  Allows absorption of nutrients from the small intestine into the bloodstream
• Respiration


  The process of converting the chemical energy in glucose into a form that can be used by cells (ATP)
• Breathing/Ventilation


  1. Inhalation

  2. Exhalation
• Alveoli


  • Thin-walled
  • Large surface area
  • Good blood supply
• Inhalation


  Chest volume increases, pressure decreases, air flows in, diaphram flat, ribsup/out
• Exhalation


  Chest volume decreases, pressure increases, air flows out, diaphram domed, ribs down/in
• Respiration requires chemical reactions for movement and keeping body temperature constant
• Aerobic respiration


  The complete oxidation of glucose using oxygen to release a large amount of energy
• Anaerobic respiration


  The incomplete breakdown of glucose without oxygen, producing less energy and lactic acid
• Anaerobic respiration in yeast produces ethanol and carbon dioxide, important for bread and brewing
• Anaerobic respiration in mammals produces lactic acid, which can build up and affect enzyme function
• Aerobic Respiration equation 


  C6H12O6+6O2->6CO2+6H2O+ATP
• Respiration word equation


  Glucose+Oxygen->Carbon dioxide+water+ energy released(ATP)