GENERAL CHEMISTRY GRADE 11

    Cards (55)

    • study of matter , the properties that matter undergoes, and the changes energy associated with these changes
      Chemistry
    • the types and amounts that make up a of simpler substances sample of matter
      composition
    • the that characteristics give each substance a unique identity
      Properties
    • chemical reactions involved in matter

      changes
    • describe how much potential a physical system has to chang

      energy
    • Anything that occupies space and has mass
      matter
    • Matter Can be classified by:
      ATOMIC COMPOSITION
      PROPERTIES (Chemical and Physical)
    • refers to describe the quality of matter it possesses
      Physical Properties
    • Physical Properties Can be :
      INTENSIVE
      EXTENSIVE
    • depends on amount
      EXTENSIVE
    • depends on type of matter (Ex. Hardness)

      intensive
    • STATE (solid, liquid, gas)
    • COLOUR (different for some materials; it varies)
    • LUSTRE (metallic shine)
    • CONDUCTIVITY (ability to transmit
      electricity)
    • MALLEABILITY (ductile; bendable)
      • Properties a substance shows as it interacts with, or transforms into other substances
      • Uses chemical changeto describe the matter - Describes how a substance interacts with other chemicals causing a change in composition
      CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
      1. CORROSION AND DECOMPOSITION (breaking down chemicals)
      2. 2. COMBUSTION (ability to burn) |
      3. 3. pH (acidic or basic)
      4. 4. REACTIVITY (with water and acids)
      Chemical properties
    • Takes place without a change in composition Examples: changes of state, like freezing, melting, or evaporation of a substance
      Physical Change
    • Always accompanied by a change in composition - Most color changes Examples: burning of paper and the fizzing of a mixture of vinegar and baking soda
      Chemical Change
    • has a , and fixed volume shapethat does not conform to the container; may be hard or soft, rigid or flexible
      solid
    • has a that varying shape conforms to the shape of the containerbut fills the container only to the extent of the liquid's volume. Liquid forms a surface
      Liquid
    • conforms to the container shapealso, but it fills the entire container; it does not forms a surface
      gas
    • Matter can be classified into two categories: pure substance and mixture
    • Can be further broken down into elements and compounds
      pure substances
    • ELEMENT - The simplest type of matter with unique physical and chemical properties. Consists of only one type of atom Cannot be broken down into any simpler substances by physical or chemical means There are 94 existing element in nature and
    • MOLECULE - A structure that consists of two or more atoms that are chemically bound together and thus behaves as an independent unit Ex. Oxygen (O2) [Diatomic molecules]
    • Oxygen (O2) [Diatomic molecules
      example of a molecules
    • A substance composed of two or more elements which are chemically combined

      compound
    • Like water, if electric current is applied it split into Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas metals because they high
       Elements are boiling and melting point, hard, ductile, malleable, high density such as Sodium
       Elements are non-metals because they have low boiling and melting point, brittle, dull, and low density such as Chlorine
       Elements are metalloids because they possess same properties of metals and non metals
    • Chemistry
      The study of matter, its properties, the changes that matter undergoes, and the energy associated with these changes
    • Four aspects in studying matter
      • Composition
      • Properties
      • Changes
      • Energy
    • Matter
      Anything that occupies space and has mass
    • Ways to distinguish matter
      • Atomic composition
      • Properties (Chemical and Physical)
    • Physical properties
      • State (solid, liquid, gas)
      • Colour
      • Lustre
      • Conductivity
      • Malleability
    • Chemical properties
      • Corrosion and decomposition
      • Combustion
      • pH
      • Reactivity
    • Physical change
      Takes place without a change in composition
    • Chemical change
      Always accompanied by a change in composition
    • States of matter
      • Solid
      • Liquid
      • Gas
    • Pure substance
      Can be further broken down into elements and compounds
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