RPH midterms

• Barraclough defined history as the "attempt to discover, on the basis of fragmentary evidence, the significant things about the past.
• Historians utilize facts from primary sources
• Multiperspectivity can be defined as a way of looking at historical events, personalities, developments, cultures and societies from diff perspectives.
• Butuan was believed to be the site of the first mass for three centuries.
• Culminating the erection of a monument in 1872 near Agusan River.
• butuan claim has been based on a elementary reading of primary sources.
• Francisco Albo - a pilot of one of Magellan's ship.
• First Catholic Mass which happened in the Philippines in March 31, 1521
• Rose Ann Claire B. Roxas - professor of RPH.
• Father Pedro Valderama - the priest of the first mass.
• First Catholic mas was in Limasawa Island confirmed by the national historic commission of the philippines board of commissioner in July 15, 2020.
• the retraction was first published in La Voz Española and Diario de Manila on December 30, 1896 (Rizal's execution).
• The Cavite has known 2 tagalog names - Tangway and Kawit (Hook)
• Cavite was officially founded as a town in 1614 with tomas salazar
• February 17, 1872 - the GOMBURZA were sentenced to death by garrote at Bagumbayan, Manila
• In 1891 - Rizal published El Filibusterismo dedicated to the GOMBURZA
• Two Major events happened in 1872 (Cavite, Lesson 8)

  
  

  • 1872 Cavite Mutiny
  • Martyrdom of GOMBURZA
• Authoritarianism - a form of government where power is centralized, usually in a single and political freedoms are limited.
• Republic - a state in which the supreme power emanates from the people and their elected representatives or president rather than a monarch.
• Parliamentary - A system of democratic government where the power of the executive is derived from and accountable to legislation, typically a parliament.
• secession - withdrawal of a group from a larger political entity such as the state
• autonomy - the right or condition of self government
• political history studies how power is organized and operated within a society.
• The Constitution - the set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which state or organization is governed.
• " to be part of a whole " - coming together into one group, with same principles and ideas.
• 3 constitutions that effectively governed the country since 1987 (Lesson 9)

  • the 1935 Commonwealth Constitution
  • the 1973 Constitution
  • the 1986 Freedom Constitution
• Constitution of Biak-na-Bato - provisional constitution of the Philippine republic during the Philippine Revolution and was promulgated by the Ph government on November 1, 1897
• 3 organs of the Government

  • The Supreme Council
  • Supreme Council of Grace and Justice
  • Assembly of Representatives
• The Supreme Council - is vested with the power of the Republic, headed by the President and 4 department secretaries, the interior, foreign affaires, treasury, and war.
• Supreme Council of Grace and Justice - the authority to make decisions and affirm or disprove the sentences rendered by the other courts, to dictate rules for the administration of Justice.
• Assembly of the representatives - which was convened after the revolution to create a new constitution and to elect a new council of government and representatives of the people.
• The Constitution was never fully implemented since a truce was signed between spanish and ph revolutionary army
• Malolos Constitution of 1899 - is approved by the congress on November 29, 1988 and promulgated Aguinaldo on January 21, 1899
• Malolos Constitution of 1899 - "The Political Constitution of 1899" written in spanish
• Article V - declares that the state recognizes the freedom and equality of all beliefs, as well as the separation of church and state
• Title II, Article 4 - shall exercise three distinct powers namely:

  • Legislative
  • Executive
  • Judicial
• Philippine Organic Act of 1902 - first organic law that provided for the creation of a popularity elected Ph assembly and specified that legislative power would be vested in a bicameral legislature
• Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916 " The Jones Law " - modified the structure of the Ph gov through the removal of the Ph commission, its members are elected by Filipino voters
• By 1934, the US Congress passed the Tydings-Mcduffie Act (Philippine Independence Act) - which provided authority and defined mechanisms for the establishment of a formal constitution by constitutional convention
• The Philippines was declared an independent republic on July 4, 1946 and the Commonwealth Constitution remained in effect