Inductive and Deductive Reasoning

• Inductive reasoning - a process of drawing conclusions based on specific instances or observations as premises and using them to come up with a general conclusion.
• Deductive reasoning - a process of drawing conclusions based on general statements as premises and using them to come up with a specific conclusion.
• Law of detachment - if a conditional statement is true and the hypothesis is true, then its conclusion is true. If p -> q is true and p is true, then q is true.
• Law of syllogism - can also be called as the transitive property. If p -> q and q -> r, then p -> r is true.
• Proof - is a logical argument in which each statement is supported by given information, definitions, axioms, postulates, theorems, and previously proven statements.
• Two-column proof - logical statements are written on the left side, and their corresponding reasons are on the right side.
• Paragraph proof - logical statements are presented using complete sentences backed up by reasons.