sci reviewer

• Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)
• Matter is made up of small particles, known as atoms.
• Matter can be presented in different states, each of them has specific characteristics.
• An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains all of the chemical properties of an element.
• They are submicroscopic, meaning they are so small they cannot be seen with a microscope.
• Atoms are composed of smaller subatomic particles known as protons, neutrons, and electrons
• The number of protons is called the atomic number.
• Atomic number numbers uniquely identifies each chemical element.
• A molecule is formed when two or more atoms of any kind of element are joined together chemically
• The four states of matter:
• State of matter is based upon particle arrangement
• State of matter is based upon energy of particle
• State of matter based upon distance between particles
• Kinetic theory of matter: Matter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
• The kinetic molecular theory:

  describes the behavior of matter in terms of particle in motion
• The word kinetic means "motion"
• Objects in motion have energy called "kinetic energy"
• Gas particles do not attract or repel
• Gas particles are smaller than space between them. (almost all the volume of gas is empty space)
• Gas particles (atoms or molecule) are in constant random motion.
• No Kinetic Energy is lost when gas particles collide.
• All gasses have the same average K.E. at a given temperature.
• Particles of solids are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position.
• Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume.
• Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slide over one another
• Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume.
• Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely.
• Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.
• A plasma is an ionized gas.
• A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
• Plasmas, like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.
• Plasma is the common state of matter
• Tightly packed, in a regular pattern Vibrate, but do not move from place to place
• Close together with no regular arrangement. Vibrate, move about, and slide past each other
• Well separated with no regular arrangement. Vibrate and move freely at high speeds
• Has no definite volume or shape and is composed of electrical charged particles
• some places where plasma are found: flames, lightning, sun, aurora (northern lights)