Locating places on earth using coordinate system

• how can we find the position of a place on earth?

  • compass
  • GPS (Global Positioning System)
  • maps
  • globe
  • radars
• map - a two-dimensional graphical representation of an area land or sea, depicting physical features
• globe - a three-dimensional spherical model of the earth
• what is the shape of the earth? sphere
• the map and the globe - are made of horizontal lines and vertical lines which intersects with each other
• earth - we cannot see these horizontal & vertical lines on the surface of the earth hence they are called "Imaginary Lines"
• latitudes - horizontal imaginary lines that runs from east to west of the map or a globe
• degrees - since the earth is sphere the distance of any place in the globe is measured in degrees
• equator - the starting line of latitude measurement is the equator, therefore the equator is assigned a latitude value of 0 degree/0 degree latitude
• northern hemisphere - is an area located above the equator up to the north pole, it extends above the equator to 90 degrees going up
• southern hemisphere - is an area located below the equator down to the south pole, it extends below the equator to 90 degrees going down
• tropics - countries located in this zone experience a tropical climate where the annual average temperature is above 18 degrees celsius
• philippines is a "tropical country" we experience warm temperatures
• between the tropical cancer and the artic of circle is the "northern temperate zone"
• between the tropic of capricorn and the antartic circle is the "southern temperate zone"
• northern and southern temperate zone - countries located in these zones experience four seasons

  • winter
  • spring
  • summer
  • autumn
• within the antartic circle and the antartic circle are called "polar or frigid zones"
• polar or frigid zones - countries located in these zones experience cold temperatures all year round
• based on this we can say that the closer the latitude is to the equator the warmer the temperature?

• the closer it is to the poles the colder the temperature is?

• longitudes - vertical imaginary lines that run from "north to south" of map or globe
• prime meridian - the starting point for measuring the longitude is the "prime meridian" which is located on 0 degree, it is referred to 0 degree longitude
• western hemisphere - extends it from the prime meridian to 180 degrees going to the left
• eastern hemisphere extends from the prime meridian to 180 degrees going to the right
• two imaginary line:

  • latitudes
  • longitudes
• geographic coordinate system - system that is used to locate places using the degrees of latitudes and longitude
• equator - reference point of latitude
• prime meridian - reference point of longitudes
• coordinates - pair of numbers that describe the position of a point
• the Philippines coordinate system is "13 degrees north/latitude and 122 degrees east/longitude"