Ionic Bonding

• Ionic bonding

  When a metal atom reacts with a non-metal atom, electrons in the outer shell of the metal atom are transferred.
• Ionic bonding

  The ions produced by metals (group 1 & 2) and by non-metals (groups 6 & 7) have the electronic structure of a noble gas (group 0)
• Ionic bonding

  The electron transfer during the formation of an ionic compound can be represented by a dot and cross diagram.
• Ionic compounds

  Is a giant structure of ions. (giant ionic lattice)
• Ionic compounds

  Are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction, between oppositely charged ions, in all directions of the lattice
• Dot and cross diagrams (positives)

  Useful for showing how ionic compounds are formed
• Dot and cross diagrams (negatives)

  They don’t show the structure of the compound, the size of the ions, or how they are arranged.
• Ball and stick diagrams (positives)

  Shows the regular pattern, shows how the ions are arranged, and suggests the diagram extends from what is shown.
• Ball and stick diagrams (negatives)

  They aren’t to scale (relative sizes aren’t shown) and in reality, there isn’t gaps between ions.
• 2D and 3D diagrams (positives)

  Shows the relative sizes of the ions and it’s regular pattern
• 2D and 3D diagrams (negatives)

  Only lets you see the outer layer of the diagram
• Ionic compounds

  Have high melting points and high boiling points, this is because they need large amounts of energy to break the strong bonds
• Ionic compounds

  When melted or dissolved in water, they conduct electricity because the ions are free to move, so charge can flow