Enzymes

• What is the digestive system?

  Organs are organised into organ systems, which work together to form organisms.
• Why do organisms need enzymes?

  As most chemical reactions are naturally slow
• The rate of chemical reactions increases with temperature. Why cant we increase the temperature?


  would require a lot of enegry, higher temperatures would damage our cells, also speed up non-useful reactions
• What is a catalyst?


  A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.
• What is an Enzyme?

  special type of catalyst, that is made by a living organism, these are also called biological catalysts
• Substrate


  The molecule that the enzyme reacts with, fits perfectly into the active site
• Optimum temperature


  The temperature at which the enzyme is working at the fastest possible rate, maximum frequency of successful collisions between substrate and active site
• What do we call the complex that is formed when an enzyme binds to a substrate?

  enzyme-substrate complex
• what does complementary mean?


  right match/fits the active site
• what is the lock and key model?


  substare has to fit perfectly into the active site
• What is the induced fit model?

  enzymes active site changes shape slightly as it binds
• What chain is enzymes?

  a long chain of amino acids
• In order for a living cell to fuction properly, it has to carry out a huge number of chemical reactions everyday.
• increase rate of reaction=increasing the tempreature
• What happens if the active site isn't complementary to the substare?

  doesn't fit, the reaction wont be catalysed