Evolution

• Evolution is what makes life possible, it allows organisms to adpt to the enviroment as it changes.
• What is the definition of Evolution

  The ability that organisms to adapt to the enviroment as it changes
• What does fossils help show?

  Shows the difference between organisms a while ago and how different they were to us
• The theory of evolution by natural selection was developed by Charles Darwin
• Fossils make it clear that only evolution can explain the origin of these new kinds of organisms.
• What is homoligeous structure?

  Are simmilar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor
• continetal drift is the movement of continents resulting from motion in the tetonic pates
• Evolution is what makes life possible. It allows organisms to adapt to the environment as it changes.
• Evolution is responsible for the enormous diversity and complexity of life on Earth, which not only provides organisms with sources of food and some healthy competition, but also gives us some truly awesome stuff to marvel at.
• All of life, every single thing that's alive on the Earth today, can claim the same shared heritage, having descended from the very first microorganism when life originated on this planet 3.8 billion years ago.
• Theory of evolution


  A large set of ideas that integrates and explains a huge mass of observations from different disciplines including embryology, paleontology, botany, biochemistry, anatomy and geophysics.
• The theory of evolution is a bunch of ideas that explain many things that we, as humans, have observed for thousands of years.
• The fossil record shows that organisms that lived long ago were different from those that we see today.
• Fossils of dinosaurs

  • Iguanodon
  • Two-legged dinosaurs
• Fossils taught us that whales used to walk.
• Fossil remains of cetaceans

  • Dorudon
  • Older cetacean with hind legs and pelvis
• Homologous structures show that many organisms are related.
• All living things on our planet use DNA and/or RNA to encode the information that makes them what they are.
• The human genome is 98.6% identical to that of the chimpanzee, our closest evolutionary relative, and 85% the same as a mouse.
• About half of our genes are the same as in fruit flies.
• Biogeography


  The distribution of animals around the world, which is explained by the theory of evolution.
• Marsupials


  • Kangaroos, koalas and wombats in Australia
  • Opossums in North America
• Darwin's finches on the Galapagos islands are an example of biogeographical evidence for evolution.
• We have observed evolution take place in our own lifetimes, such as the growing resistance of mosquitoes to DDT.
• Observed evolution in larger animals

  • Italian wall lizards developing changes to their digestive systems and head shape to adapt to a new environment
• Microevolution


  Allele frequency changes that happen rather quickly and in small populations
• Macroevolution

  Microevolution on a much longer time scale, the sort of thing that turns hippos into whales