english reviewer

• Anglo-American literature


  Literature produced by white inhabitants of the United States of European origin who are native citizens of the US and speak the English language while practicing customs and traditions formerly practiced by Northern Europe
• Anglo-American literature


  • Characteristics of Anglo-American literature
• Anglo-American literature


  • Epic of Beowulf
  • Cynewulf
  • Caedmon
  • Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer
  • Sonnet and Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare
  • Tragedy by Christopher Marlowe
  • Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained by John Milton
  • Daffodils by William Wordsworth
  • How Do I Love Thee? by Elizabeth Barrett Browning
  • Harlem Renaissance by Langston Hughes
• Periods of Anglo-American literature


  • The Ancient Times
  • The Middle Ages
  • The Renaissance Period
  • The Age of Enlightenment
  • The Romantic-Realistic Period
  • The Modern-Contemporary Period
• The Ancient Times


  Anglo-Saxons brought the Germanic language to America which replaced Latin, literature was biblical and religious poems
• The Middle Ages


  Christianity was a powerful force, chivalry became the basis of manners, literature was vernacular and secular texts
• The Renaissance Period


  More optimistic genre in writing, literature was sophisticated, serious and concerned with social abuse
• The Age of Enlightenment


  Prevalent use of reason and philosophy in writing, literature had clarity and balance of judgement
• The Romantic-Realistic Period


  Romantic movement, literature focused on the truth, the good, the beautiful
• The Modern-Contemporary Period


  Period for freedom, literature included commentaries regarding social injustices
• In 1492, Christopher Columbus first set foot to what known today as United States of America
• Listening


  Both hearing and understanding what was perceived by your ears
• Listening


  • Requires concentration so that the brain processes the information well
  • Leads to learning
  • Receiving sound waves and vibrations through ears
  • One of the five senses that is involuntary, which means this happens unless you have hearing problems
  • Hearing simply happens
• Purpose of listening


  • When you have established a specific purpose for listening like in class
  • When the topic interests you or invites you to listen just like your daily chikas
  • When the means to listen is accessible to you or when it is convenient to your liking
• Top-down listening


  Happens when we use background knowledge to make sense of what we are listening to. We already know a fair amount about the topic, and the story or information we are getting fits into a previously established schema (the knowledge the listener already has about the world and about certain types of discourse)
• Top-down listening


  • Focuses on the 'big' picture and general meaning of a listening text
  • Often the starting point is to discuss the topic and then to use a 'gist' or 'extensive' task to listen for the overall meaning
  • Top-down listening strategies include listening for main idea, predicting, drawing inferences and summarizing

  
• Bottom-up listening


  Happens when we understand language sound by sound or word by word, with less use of background knowledge
• Bottom-up listening


  • Focuses on listening for details and involve tasks that focus on understanding at a sound or word level
  • Tasks are 'intensive', as they focus on looking for particular details
  • Bottom-up strategies include listening for specific details, recognizing cognates and recognizing word-order patterns