Lesson 1.3: Communication Process

• Encoding


  Process of turning thoughts into communication
• Decoding


  Process of turning communication into thoughts
• Channel


  Sensory route on which a message travels to the receiver for decoding
• Transmission Model of Communication


  • Communication is a linear and one-way process in which a sender intentionally transmits a message to a receiver
  • Focuses on the sender and message
  • Views communication as a thing to be sent -- a packet
  • Viewed more of a target or end point rather than part of an ongoing process
  • Assume that the receiver either successfully receives and understands the message or does not
• Transmission Model of Communication


  • Radio broadcaster beaming his message to listeners
• Responsibility in Transmission Model


  The responsibility is on the sender to ensure that the message is successfully conveyed
• Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC)


  • One-way and linear
  • Like text messaging
• Noise


  Anything that interferes with a message that is being sent between participants in communication
• Types of Noise


  • Environmental Noise - Physical noise present in a communication encounter
  • Semantic Noise - Occurs in the encoding and decoding process when participants do not understand a symbol
• Interaction Model of Communication


  • Describes communication as a process in which participants alternate positions as sender and receiver and generate meaning by sending messages and receiving feedback within physical and psychological contexts
• Physical Context


  Environmental factors in a communication encounter, such as size, layout, temperature, and lighting of a space
• Psychological Context


  Includes the mental and emotional factors that we encounter in communication, such as stress, anxiety, and emotions
• Transaction Model of Communication

  • Communication is a process in which communicators generate social realities within social, relational, and cultural contexts
  • To create relationships and intercultural alliances
  • To co-shape our self-concepts and engage with others in dialogue to create communities
  • Simultaneously senders and receivers
  • Shapes realities before and after specific interactions occur, it must account for contextual influences outside of a single interaction
• Social Context


  Stated rules or unstated norms that guide communication
• Social Norms


  • Don't lie, don't interrupt, don't pass people in line, greet people when they greet you