cell reference

• Relative Reference


  Cell references that change when a formula is copied to another cell
• Absolute Reference


  Cell references that remain constant no matter where they are copied
• Relative references


  1. By default, all cell references are relative references

  2. When copied across multiple cells, they change based on the relative position of rows and columns

  3. For example, if you copy the formula =A1+B1 from row 1 to row 2, the formula will become =A2+B2

  4. Relative references are especially convenient whenever you need to repeat the same calculation across multiple rows or columns

  
• Absolute references


  1. There may be times when you do not want a cell reference to change when filling cells

  2. Unlike relative references, absolute references do not change when copied or filled

  3. You can use an absolute reference to keep a row and/or column constant

  4. An absolute reference is designated in a formula by the addition of a dollar sign ($) before the column and row

  5. If it precedes the column or row (but not both), it's known as a mixed reference

  6. You can press the F4 key on your keyboard to switch between relative, absolute, and mixed cell references
• Using cell references with multiple worksheets

  1. Most spreadsheet programs allow you to refer to any cell on any worksheet

  2. To reference a specific value from one worksheet to another, begin the cell reference with the worksheet name followed by an exclamation point (!)

  3. For example, if you wanted to reference cell A1 on Sheet1, its cell reference would be Sheet1!A1

  
• Function


  A predefined formula that performs calculations using specific values in a particular order
• Functions

  • All spreadsheet programs include common functions that can be used for quickly finding the sum, average, count, maximum value, and minimum value for a range of cells
  • In order to use functions correctly, you'll need to understand the different parts of a function and how to create arguments to calculate values and cell references

  
• The parts of a function

  1. The basic syntax for a function is an equals sign (=), the function name (SUM, for example), and one or more arguments

  2. Arguments contain the information you want to calculate
• Working with arguments


  1. Arguments can refer to both individual cells and cell ranges and must be enclosed within parentheses

  2. You can include one argument or multiple arguments, depending on the syntax required for the function
• Functions


  • SUM: Adds all the values of the cells in the argument
  • AVERAGE: Determines the average of the values included in the argument
  • COUNT: Counts the number of cells with numerical data in the argument
  • MAX: Determines the highest cell value included in the argument
  • MIN: Determines the lowest cell value included in the argument
• Whenever a formula contains a function, the function is generally calculated before any other operators, like multiplication and division
• Relative Reference change when a formula is copied to another cell
• Absolute Reference remain constant no matter where they are copied.
• you can press the F4 key on your keyboard to switch between relative, absolute, and mixed cell references
• function is a predefined formula that performs calculations using specific values in a particular order.
• Arguments can refer to both individual cells and cell ranges and must be enclosed within parentheses.
• You can include one argument or multiple arguments, depending on the syntax required for the function.
• SUM: This function adds all the values of the cells in the argument.
• AVERAGE: This function determines the average of the values included in the argument. It calculates the sum of the cells and then divides that value by the number of cells in the argument.
• COUNT: This function counts the number of cells with numerical data in the argument. This function is useful for quickly counting items in a cell range.
• MAX: This function determines the highest cell value included in the argument.
• MIN: This function determines the lowest cell value included in the argument.
• Whenever a formula contains a function, the function is generally calculated before any other operators, like multiplication and division.