LESSON 7 - ENGLISH

• Writing a complex process which involves preparation, planning, researching, writing, revising, and editing
• Preparation establish your persona first
• Preparation specify your persona as a writer
• Preparation set the tone, language, and level of formality in your paper
• Preparation be informed of the character, interest, background, and preferences of your target readers
• Preparation think of the topic you are writing and the type of output you will produce
• Modeling the process by which you, the writer, look at different words which are similar in nature with the paper you are about to write
• Modeling when looking at the sample texts, analyze the features such as the organization, structure, and language use to determine how they achieved their purpose
• Modeling be sure that the model papers that you will use are of excellent quality
• Brainstorming the process in which you list as many ideas as you can think of without censoring them
• Freewriting let the ideas flow freely by writing them down in sentences
• Clustering also know as mapping; a technique that uses visual representations to show connection between ideas
• Focusing on a topic narrow down the general topic that you came up with
• Focusing on a topic by thinking a question related to your specific purpose
• Focusing on a topic answer the question with at least two details; the answer to your question will most probably lead to your initial thesis statement
• Organizing Ideas in an outline
• Organizing Ideas begin by answering the question that leads to your thesis statement
• Organizing Ideas two or three ideas can be generated using this technique
• Organizing Ideas use the main ideas as your main heading (level 1)
• Organizing Ideas write the subtopics for each main idea (level 2)
• Organizing Ideas write the supporting details for each of the subtopics (level 3)
• Organizing Ideas you can use a topic outline, a sentence outline, or a paragraph outline
• Drafting focus on the content and organization not on the grammar and mechanics
• Drafting build the credibility of your paper by using reliable and valid sources
• Drafting when using the internet, you should check the website address and look at the Uniform Resource Locator (URL). The last part in it's domain name is known as the top-level domain, and it indicates who owns the site
• .com Company
• .org Nonprofit organization
• .edu Educational institution
• .gov government agency
• The following are usually reliable sources:

  References that are available in Google Scholar or Google Books

  .edu and gov. links
• pdf stands for Portable Document Format. These types of links usually direct you to a page which looks like a printed document. Although most .pdf links contain studies and articles from reputable journals, remember that anyone can upload .pdf documents on the Internet, so always exercise critical thinking.
• Always check website's details before taking information from it; it is better to use .com sites which are considered reputable
• .org internationally recognized organizations, such as United Nations and UNESCO, are generally reliable
• Avoid blogs and Wikipedia
• Most blogs carry the bias and prejudice of their owners, so it is better to steer clear from them
• Wikipedia, this website can be easily edited by anyone; thus, it's reliability could be questionable
• Feedback an important component of the writing process
• Feedback a response to the written work which focuses on all aspects of writing
• To make citing sources easier, you can use websites which offer bibliography services such as bibme.org
• Feedback during the drafting stage, the feedback focuses more on the content, structure, organization, and clarify of the message