science ndea

• is the overall exchange of gases

  respiration
• the act of taking air in (inspiration) and out (expiration) out of the lungs

  breathing or ventilation
• the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood within the lungs

  external respiration
• the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the body cells

  internal respiration
• process of using oxygen to break down sugar in food, producing energy (ATP) and releasing co2 as waste

  cellular respiration
• the body system that gets oxygen into the body and removes co2 from the body

  respiratory system
• the air you breathe is inhaled through the nose which is filtered by two openings called _______

  nostrils
• allows air to pass through the mouth to the lungs. leads to 2 passageways

  pharynx
• source of vocalization

  larynx
• windpipe, filters air and branches into the bronchi (made of 20 rings of tough cartilage)

  trachea
• two air tubes that branch off from the trachea and carries atmospheric air directly into the lungs

  bronchi
• twig sized tubes, they control the amount of air distributed through the lung by CONSTRICTING & DILATING

  bronchioles
• air sacs that inflate during inhalation and deflate during exhalation, where gaseous exchange takes place

  alveoli
• primary muscle used in the process of inspiration(inhalation), nestled under the rib cage. separates the abdominal cavity from thoracic cavity

  diaphragm
• main organ of the repiratory system

  lungs
• the lungs are surrounded by two layers of membrane called____

  pleura
• infection by rhinovirus

  common cold
• illness caused by myxovirus

  influenza
• infection of the air sacs in the lungs

  pneumonia
• illness caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis

  Tuberculosis
• pro inflammatory response that leads to the formation of small lumps like lesions called ______

  tubercles
• chronic and allergic conditions that make the breathing airways narrow and swollen and caused them to produce extra mucus

  asthma
• inflammation or swelling of the breathing passages - causes swelling that shuts off the airway in the lungs

  bronchitis
• long term disease caused by prolonged exposure to the respiratory irritants like tobacco chemicals and air pollutants such as factory fumes or coal

  emphysema
• associated with a group of lung diseases: emphysema, asthma, chronic bronchitis

  chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth

  lung cancer
• The main function of this is to carry oxygen and nutrients to every cell of the body and to remove carbon dioxide.

  circulatory system
• Allow blood to go from the right atrium to the right ventricle.

  tricuspid valve
• it regulates blood flow from the upper left chamber (left atrium) into the lower left chamber (left ventricle)

  The Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve
• Allows deoxygenated blood to travel from the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk.

  Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
•  Allows oxygenated blood to travel from the left ventricle to the aorta

  Aortic Semilunar Valve
• •  Allows oxygenated blood to travel from the left ventricle to the aorta.

  aortic semilunar valve
• Attached on the ventricular side to tough strings.

  Chordae Tendinae
• •  erythrocytes  

  red blood cells
• pigment of rbc

  hemoglobin
• white blood cells

  leukocytes
• • is composed of 45% cells/solids, 55% plasma/fluids.
  • Known as the “river of life’.

  blood
• when you inhale this happens to your diaphragm

  contracts and move downwards, chest space increases and lungs expand
• pertains to permanent damage of the walls of the alveoli

  emphysema
• pale yellowish liquid that is about 92% water

  plasma