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1st Yr. - 2nd Sem
HA - RLE/LEC
RESPI
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Cards (17)
Dyspnea
-
difficulty
of
breathing
Cough
: reflex response to stimuli to
expel
mucus
or sputum and
foreign
bodies
Wheezing
:
high-pitched whistling
sound during exhalation caused by narrowed airways
Rhonchi
:
low-pitched rattling
sounds that occur with forced
exhalation
due to
secretions
in the
bronchial tubes
Stridor
:
loud
,
harsh
noise heard when the
vocal cords
are
partially obstructed
Cough types:
Acute
(<
3 weeks
),
Subacute
(
3-8 weeks
),
Chronic
(>
8 weeks
)
Sputum
:
mucoid
(mild, clear),
purulent
(opaque, yellow)
INSPECTION: back first, assess for CRAMP:
C-Chest wall asymmetry
R-Respiratory rate
&
pattern
A-Accessory muscle use
M-Masses
P-Paradoxical Movement
Barrel chest
- A chest that is
wide
and
flat
, with a
slight taper
toward the
shoulders.
Pigeon chest
- depressed lower sternum, A chest that is wider than it is deep, with a rounded back.
Funnel
chest
- Anteriorly displaced sternum, A chest with a funnel-shaped opening at the bottom.
Thoracic kyphosis
-
forward curvature
of the
thoracic spine
, forming a
C curve
Paradoxical movement
-
uneven
movement of chest wall, occurs on the
injured chest side
PALPATION
:
chest wall
should
feel smooth
,
warm
,
dry
Bronchophony
- should sound muffled
Egophony
- say "
E
",
Muffled
Whisphered pectoriloquy
- whisper "1, 2, 3", indistinguishable