My notes

• Modifying plan to find the effect of changing the temperature on the rate of photosynthesis

  1. Keep factors constant

  2. Determine suitable range of temperatures to use
• Glucose made by the plant is used in respiration to provide the plant's cells with energy
• Some glucose is quickly converted into starch for storage
• A plant is not made up of just glucose and starch, and must make all of its organic molecules, starting from glucose
• Glucose


  A single sugar unit (a monosaccharide)
• Other sugars made from glucose

  • Fructose (found in fruits)
  • Sucrose (the main sugar carried in the phloem)
• Cellulose


  A polysaccharide that forms plant cell walls
• Compounds made from glucose


  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids (fats and oils)
• Carbohydrates and lipids both contain only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and so they can be inter-converted without the need for a supply of other elements
• Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, but also contain nitrogen which is obtained as nitrate ions from the soil, through the plant's roots
• Chlorophyll contains magnesium ions, which are also absorbed from water in the soil
• Reactions that synthesise large molecules from smaller ones, such as the production of molecules like starch, cellulose, lipids and proteins, need a source of energy, which is provided by the plant's respiration of glucose
• Photosynthesis


  The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Plants absorb sunlight using chlorophyll, split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen, and combine the hydrogen with carbon dioxide to produce glucose and water. The oxygen is released into the air as a byproduct.
• Glucose


  A simple sugar produced during photosynthesis that is used by plants for energy and growth. Glucose is a six-carbon sugar that is absorbed directly into the bloodstream and can be used immediately for energy or stored in the liver and muscles as glycogen.
• Fructose


  A simple sugar found in fruits and some vegetables that is metabolized differently than glucose. Fructose must be converted to glucose in the liver before it can be used for energy, and consuming large amounts of fructose can lead to health problems.