BED MAKING

• Bed Making


  - A way of preparing the appropriate bed based on the condition of the patient which adopts scientific principles of nursing.

  - One of the important nursing techniques to prepare various types of bed for patients or clients to ensure comfort and useful position for a particular condition.
• Fanfold


  - Folding the edge of the sheet used in the bed 6-8 inches outward
• Mitered corner


  - A means of anchoring sheet on mattresses.- Method of folding the bed clothes at corners to secure them in place while the bed is occupied
• Toe pleat


  - A fold made in the top bed clothes to provide additional space for patients toes.
• Foot drop


  - Dropping of foot from paralysis of the anterior muscle of the leg.
• Bed cradle


  - Is a curved, semi-circular made of metal that can be placed over a portion of the patient's body.
• Magic corner


  - Corners of a folded linen upon opening it automatically positions the sheets the way it is placed on the bed.
• To ensure comfort and security to patient

  - To provide a clean near environment for the patient

  -To establish an effective nurse patients relationship.

  - To provide smooth, wrinkle-free bed foundation, thus minimizing sources of skin irritation

  - to save time, effort and material properly.

  - To give the unit neat appearance

  - To conserve client's energy and maintain current healthy status

  - To provide good rest and sleep

  PURPOSE OF BED MAKING
• 1.It helps maintain a clean, orderly and comfortable room which contributes to patient's sense of well-being.

  2.It helps the patients secure proper rest and comfort which are essential for health and refresh him/her by providing cleanliness.

  3.It helps prevent microorganisms to come in contact with the patient which could cause tribulations.

  4.It minimizes the sources of skin irritation by providing smooth, wrinkle-free bed foundation.

  IMPORTANCE OF BED MAKING
• Body Mechanics: it is important to the nurse to observe the correct body mechanics in order to prevent quick tiring, back problems and muscle pain.

  
  

  ❖Anatomy and Physiology: the conscious knowledge of the normal state and condition of certain parts of the body wherein one would be able to tell any abnormality. The body exerts uneven points of pressure against different areas of the mattress. The sacrum may become the site for pre-assure sore because of the weight of the patient's body and a reduced blood supply over bony prominence.

  
  

  ❖Chemistry: woolen blanket fibers may cause irritation to the patient's skin; there must be always be a sheet to separate the blanket from the patient. Strong detergent, soaps and bleaches used in commercial laundries may cause skin irritation if bed linens are not thoroughly rinsed.

  
  

  ❖Microbiology: pathogenic materials may be transferred from the source to a new host directly by contaminated linen. Hands should be washed before and after making the bed. Bed linen should be folded away from the body to minimize transfer microorganisms to the clothing. Fanning bed clothes stirs up bacteria in the air, and air motion is a method of transfer.

  
  

  ❖Physics: friction can irritate the skin and causes rashes. It is appropriate to keep the lines smooth and wrinkle-free.

  
  

  ❖Psychology: use skill and efficiency in making the bed to minimize undue exertion and fatigue for the patient. If the procedure brings comfort and relaxation, the patient's attitude will improve.

  PRINCIPLES INVOLVED IN BED MAKING
• Occupied Bed

  Unoccupied Bed

  Closed Bed

  Open Bed

  Post-operative bed

  COMMON TYPES OF BED
• Occupied Bed:


  Is made when the patient is not able or not permitted to get out of the bed. Patient remains in the bed while it is being made. Is usually made immediately following the patient's bed bath. Requires more time and effort, so attention should be given to the body mechanics of both patient and nurse.
• .Unoccupied Bed:


  Is made when there is no patient confined in bed, while a patient in the shower or sitting up in a chair. In this bed all linen beneath the bed spread is fully protected from dust and dirt until the admission of new patient. To provide a clean, smooth and comfortable bed to the patient
• Open bed


  the top covers are folded back so that patient can easily get back in to bed
• Closed bed


  the top sheet blankets and bedspreads are drawn up to the head of the mattress and under the pillow; this is prepared in a hospital room before a new client is admitted to the room.
• Post- operative bed


  known as recovery bed or surgical bed, and used for a patient with large cast or other circumstance that would make it difficult for him to transfer easily into bed.
• Fowler's

  Semi-Fowler's

  High Fowler's

  Tredelenburg

  Reversed tredelenburg


  COMMON BED POSITIONS
• Fowler's Position


  Is known as a standard patient's position and was the invention of George Ryerson Fowler.

  
  

  -When the top of the bed is raised up.

  
  

  -The body of the patient can be inclined at an angle ranging from 90 to 15 degrees depending on the variant of Fowler's position that the person is in.
• Fowler's Position


  - The technique is generally carried out for oral and nasal gastric feeding of the patients in the hospital.

  
  

  - For radiology that is, if the X-ray is required to be taken from the side of the bed, when the patient faces difficulty in breathing or is undergoing some breathing treatment
• semi-folwer's position


  type of bed position if patient is lying in the on the bed which is inclined at an angle of 30 to 45 degrees.
• semi-fowler's position


  This position is often applicable for the patients who have cardiac problems, respiratory ailments or neurological issues.

  
  

  - It is also considered as the most comfortable position for patients who have the fitted as it ensures that the tube remains fixed in its place.
• High- Fowler's Position


  This is the position in which the patient is straightened up. The upper part of the body generally makes an angle of 60 to 90 degrees with respect to the lower portion of the body.
• High- Fowler's Position


  While allowing easy breathing, this position is also considered the best position for defecating, eating, swallowing and also for taking the x-rays. - This position is thus popularly prescribed to the elderly patients as it is scientifically proven to aid the digestion process and also helps the person to overcome the breathing problems.
• Tredelenburg Position

  The body is on a 15-30 degree incline with the feet elevated above the head
• Tredelenburg position


  - Is used in , especially of the abdomen and genitourinary system.

  
  

  - It allows better access to the pelvic organs as gravity pulls the intra-abdominal organs away from the
• Reversed Tredelenburg

  - Downward patient tilt, of approximately 30 to 35 degrees.

  
  

  - Places the body supine on an incline but with the head now being elevated.
• Reversed Tredelenburg


  Is used for head and neck procedures and provides visualization in laparoscopic procedures of the upper abdomen.
• Water Bed (hydrostatic Bed)

  Turning Frames (stryker Wedge)

  Air Therapy bed

  Clinton's Therapy Bed

  Rotation Bed

  Cardiac Bed

  circo-electric bed

  Fracture Bed

  SPECIAL TYPES OF BED
• Water Bed (Hydrostatic Bed)


  Controls temperature of water,

  reducing the pressure on body parts.

  These beds are used by patients confined to bed for long periods.

  A bed whose mattress is a plastic bag filled with water.
• Turning Frames (Stryker Wedge):


  Allows repeated changes between the supine and prone positions

  without disturbing spinal alignment.

  An orthopedic bed that allows the patient to be rotated as required to

  either the full supine or the full prone position while maintaining proper immobilization and alignment of injured body structures.

  
• Rotation Bed:


  Promotes postural drainage, peristalsis and helps prevent the complications of mobility. This bedframe and surface device secures patients in a supine position and rolls or rotates them from left side to right side in a 124 degree arc, or 62 degrees in each direction.
• Clinton Therapy Bed


  An air-fluidized bed that manages burns and patients with various disabilities.
• Air Therapy Bed


  Advanced pressure redistribution, climate management, and pain relief for patients with pressure ulcers, burns, surgical flaps and grafts, and other skin wounds. Solid beads, suspended inside a fluidization tank. It then conforms to the patient's body contours and body weight.

  
• Cardiac Bed


  : Is made with special arrangements, which are required by a cardiac patient. Made in a manner to ease the respiration of cardiac patients. It is provided with extra pillows to be kept on head side of patient to keep the patient in prop up position for better airflow. For the purpose to relieve dyspnea.
• Fracture Bed


  : Is one which is use for a patient with fracture of the trunk or extremities to provide a firm support by the use of firm matters that rest on the bed board of fracture board. Is a bed which is prepared for patients with fracture, bone diseases and deformity. For the purpose to immobilize the fractured part.
• Blanket

  Top Sheet

  Bottom Sheet

  Woolen Blanket

  Cotton draw Sheet

  Rubber Sheet

  Mattress Cover


  KINDS OF LINENS
• Blanket:


  : A large piece of cloth often soft, woolen and is used for warmth as a bed cover.
• Top sheet:

  Used to cover the patient to provide warmth, made of thick cotton, thermal material.
• Cotton Draw Sheet


  : A piece of cloth that the rubber sheet and is used to absorb and moisture.
• Bottom Sheet:


  Used to cover the bed after mattress cover.