Module 7

• Materialistic cultural values

  • Consumption over conservation
  • "Throwaway culture"
• Urbanization

  • The concentration of people in cities
  • Changes the environment
  • Social consequences
• Population growth


  • Need to allocate more natural resources
  • More people contributing to environmental degradation
• New and uncontrolled technologies


  • Profit, convenience, and consumption over environmental protection
  • Disregard for technologies used and developed
  • Lead to increasing pollution, resource scarcity, and other environmental degradation
• Industrialization


  Deplete natural resources and cause environmental
• Triple Bottom Line Approach

  • Economic, ethical, and environmental sustainability
  • Standards of business success
  • People
  • Planet
  • Profits
• • Why Value the environment and be concerned with the need to protect it?
  • Environmental concerns are relevant to business and to everyone
  • The environment is not an unlimited
• Different approaches to environmental Sustainability

  • Market Approach
  • Regulatory Approach
  • Sustainability Approach

  
• Market Approach


  • Focuses on efficient markets that seek profits but allow for the efficient allocation of resources
  • The market itself can regulat and decide what is best for the environment
  • "Optimum level of pollution" can be achieved through competitive markets
• Regulatory Approach


  • Regulations and laws established by the government to prevent pollution, environmental degradation. And species extinction rather than offer compensation after the fact
  • Business organizations may influence in establishing environmental laws
  • Business organizations may have influence over consumer choice
  • If environmental protection is totally reliant on government laws or regulations, it may fail to recognize the presence of other environmental issues that are not covered by legal restrictions
• Principles for Business Sustainability

  • Eco-efficiency
  • Biomimicry
  • Service-based economy
• Eco-efficiency


  Doing more with less
• Biomimicry


  • Waste elimination instead of just reduction
  • Example: closed-loop production
• Service-based economy


  • Interprets consumer demand as a demand for services
  • Produces incentives for product redesigns that create more durable or more recyclable products