Mainly composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus
Carbohydrates
The sugar molecules
Carbohydrates are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms (CH2O)N)
Carbohydrates
Its main function is to provide energy for our cells
Types of Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
Monosaccharides
Also known as the "simple sugar", it is the building block or the basic unit of carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Glucose
The main source of energy of our cells
Fructose
Commonly found in fruits and vegetables
Galactose
Part of lactose which is used to create milk
Disaccharides
Also known as the "double sugar", it is composed of two simple sugars linked to each other
Disaccharides
Sucrose
Lactose
Maltose
Sucrose
Made up of glucose and fructose
Lactose
Made up of glucose and galactose
Maltose
Made up of glucose and glucose
Polysaccharides
Also known as the "complex sugar", it is composed of many simple sugars linked together
Polysaccharides
Glycogen
Starches
Fibers
Glycogen
A long chain of glucose found in animals
Starches
A long chain of glucose found in plants
Fibers
Indigestible material found in foods, including cellulose and chitin
Lipids
The fatty acids
Lipids
Its main function is to store energy and regulate hormones
Fatty acids
The building block or the basic unit of lipids
Types of Lipids
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
Sterols
Triglycerides
The most common type of fat in the body, made up of 3 fatty acids and glycerol
Types of Triglycerides
Saturatedfats
Unsaturatedfats
Saturatedfats
Solid at room temperature, found mostly in animals, increases the level of cholesterol
Unsaturated fats
Liquid at room temperature, found mostly in plants, has good benefits in the body
Phospholipids
One of the main components in the cell membrane, made up of 2 fatty acids and a phosphatemolecule
Sterols
A sub-class of steroids, a group of hormones made up of lipids, help in cell signaling and regulate various cellular processes
Cholesterol
The most abundant sterol in animals, a structural component of the cell membrane, aids in hormone production, vitamin D absorption, and production of bile
Foods with high cholesterol
Meat, butter, cheese, egg yolks
Proteins
The body-building molecules
Proteins are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms
Proteins
Its main function is to transport molecules in and out of the cell, speed up chemical reactions, and to facilitate growth and repair