The brain

• Cerebellum


  Part of the brain responsible for muscle coordination, movement, posture, balance and speech
• Cerebral cortex


  Part of the brain responsible for conscious thought (e.g. memory, language and intelligence)
• Medulla


  Part of the brain responsible for unconscious activities (e.g. breathing and heartbeat)
• Receptor

  Senses a stimulus
• Effector

  Responds to a stimulus
• Stimulus-Response

  1. Receptor

  2. Sensory neurone

  3. Relay neurone

  4. Motor neurone

  5. Effector
• Effectors

  • Muscle
  • Gland
• Stimulus

  Causes a response
• Sensory neurone is stimulated by a receptor
• Parts of the brain

  • Cerebrum
  • Hypothalamus
  • Medulla oblongata
  • Spinal cord
  • Cerebellum

  
• Cerebrum

  • Controls conscious activities
• Hypothalamus

  • Regulates temperature
• Medulla oblongata

  • Controls unconscious activities
• Cerebellum

  • Controls balance and coordination
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)

  Non-invasive procedure that uses weak electrical current directed to particular part of the brain using electrodes to observe patient's experiences
• Memory is associated with the cerebrum/cerebral cortex
• MRI scans or electrical/electrode stimulation can be used to investigate brain damage
• Information about sharp point touching skin reaching brain

  1. Pressure receptors in skin stimulated

  2. Electrical impulse sent along sensory neurone

  3. To spinal cord

  4. Neurotransmitter diffuses across synapse

  5. Binds to relay neurone

  6. Relay neurones connected to brain
• Patient can feel sharp point on arms/hands but not legs

  Indicates spinal cord damage
• Patients and doctors must evaluate benefits and risks of brain surgery thoroughly