ED 106 - FINALS REVIEWER

• System


  A collection of interrelated components or elements that work together to achieve a common purpose or goal
• Elements of the School System

  • Students
  • Teachers
  • Administrators
  • Curriculum
  • Physical Environment
  • Culture and Norms
• Students


  • The primary participants in the school system, each bringing their own backgrounds, experiences, and personalities
• Teachers


  • Educators who impart knowledge, facilitate learning, and serve as authority figures within the school
• Administrators


  • School leaders who establish policies, manage resources, and oversee operations
• Curriculum


  • The structured set of subjects and content that students are taught, reflecting societal values and educational goals
• Physical Environment


  • The buildings, classrooms, facilities, and resources that shape the school's infrastructure
• Culture and Norms


  • Shared beliefs, values, and practices that govern behavior and interactions within the school community
• Teacher-Student Dynamics


  Teachers influence students' learning experiences, while students' behaviors and attitudes impact teaching effectiveness

  (Interactions and Relationships)
• Peer Interactions


  Students form social networks, friendships, and cliques, which can influence academic performance and social development
• Parental Involvement


  The extent to which parents participate in their children's education can affect students' attitudes, motivation, and achievement
• Teacher-Administrator Collaboration


  Effective communication and cooperation between teachers and administrators are essential for maintaining a supportive learning environment
• Hierarchy


  • Schools often have hierarchical structures, with administrators at the top, followed by teachers, and then students(Structure and Functions)
• Roles and Responsibilities


  • Each member of the school community has specific roles and responsibilities that contribute to the functioning of the system
• Rules and Policies


  • Schools establish rules, policies, and procedures to maintain order, ensure safety, and promote learning
• Formal and Informal Systems

  • Formal structures such as schedules and curricula coexist with informal systems like student cliques and peer influences
• Educational Reforms


  Schools must adapt to changes in educational policies, standards, and practices mandated by governments or educational authorities

  (Adaptation and Change)
• Technological Advances


  Integration of technology into teaching and learning processes requires schools to adapt their infrastructure and instructional methods
• Cultural Shifts


  Changes in societal values, demographics, and attitudes influence how schools address diversity, equity, and inclusion
• Educational Equity


  Schools may perpetuate or mitigate socioeconomic disparities by providing resources, opportunities, and support to students from different backgrounds

  (Power Dynamics and Inequality)
• Teacher Influence


  Teachers wield power in shaping students' academic experiences, disciplinary outcomes, and perceptions of learning
• Social Hierarchies


  Hierarchical structures within schools can reinforce power differentials based on factors such as race, gender, class, and ability
• Structure and Function:

  • Hierarchy

  • Roles and Responsibilities

  • Rules and Policies

  • Formal and Informal Systems
• Adaptation and Change:

  • Educational Reforms

  • Technological Advances

  • Cultural Shifts
• Power Dynamics and Inequality:

  • Educational Equity

  • Teacher Influence

  • Social Hierarchies
• Interactions and Relationships:

  • Teacher-Student Dynamics

  • Peer Interactions

  • Parental Involvement

  • Teacher-Administrator Collaboration
• Relationship between a teacher and the community


  Crucial for fostering a supportive and effective learning environment
• How teacher-community interaction can benefit both parties


  1. Community engagement

  2. Resource sharing

  3. Building trust and collaboration

  4. Promoting civic engagement

  5. Addressing local issues
• Community engagement


  • Teachers gain deeper understanding of students' backgrounds, cultures, and needs
  • Allows them to tailor teaching methods to better suit students' learning styles and interests
• Resource sharing


  • Community provides valuable resources and support to teachers
  • Teachers share their expertise and knowledge with community members
• Building trust and collaboration


  • Teachers build trust with students, parents, and community members
  • Fosters collaboration and open communication to support student success
• Promoting civic engagement


  • Teachers educate students about their roles and responsibilities as members of society
  • Involve community in classroom activities and projects to develop civic duty
• Addressing local issues


  • Teachers collaborate with community to identify and address local issues impacting student learning
  • Develop innovative solutions to challenges and create more supportive learning environment
• External environments play a significant role in shaping the accountability of schools
• Factors that influence school accountability


  • Government regulations
  • Standardized testing
  • Parental and community expectations
  • Economic factors
  • Media and public perception
  • Professional standards and accreditation
  • Globalization and technological advances
• How schools can adapt to their external environment


  1. Flexibility in curriculum and instruction

  2. Community engagement

  3. Technology integration

  4. Innovation and continuous improvement

  5. Data-informed decision making

  6. Cultural competence and diversity

  7. Responsive leadership

  8. Environmental sustainability
• Flexibility in curriculum and instruction


  • Adapt curriculum to incorporate new developments, emerging technologies, and changing societal needs
  • Employ flexible instructional strategies to accommodate diverse learning styles and address evolving student needs
• Community engagement


  • Actively engage with parents, community organizations, businesses, and local government agencies to understand community needs and priorities
  • Build partnerships with community stakeholders to provide additional resources, support, and opportunities for students
• Technology integration


  • Embrace technology in teaching and learning to adapt to the digital age and prepare students for success
  • Invest in technology infrastructure, provide professional development for teachers, and leverage digital resources to enhance learning experiences
• Innovation and continuous improvement


  • Encourage a culture of innovation and continuous improvement to foster creativity, adaptability, and resilience
  • Support experimentation, research, and pilot programs to test new ideas and approaches to education