health and the people

• Who discovered penicillin?


  Alexander Fleming
• Who took penicillin to America for mass production?

  Florey and Chain
• What bacteria was Fleming studying?

  Staphylococcus
• What year did the American government begin to mass produced penicillin?

  1941
• What year did Britain begin to mass produce penicillin?

  1943
• What year did Fleming discover penicillin?

  1928
• Which years did Fleming publish his findings over?

  1929-1931
• Why did the governments want to fund the production of penicillin?

  To help the war
• What percentage of soldiers suffering with infection during WW2 were cured by penicillin?

  15%
• Why did Fleming not investigate penicillin further?

  He didn't have any funds
• Why did the oxford policeman that Florey and Chain use penicillin die?


  There wasn't enough penicillin
• What did Florey and Chain do?

  They found a way to purify penicillin and use it
• How much money did the British government grant Florey and Chain?

  £25
• What was Booth's report called?

  The life and labour of the people in London
• When was Booth's report published?

  1989 (remember - Taylor Swift)
• What percentage of Londoners were living in poverty, according to Booth's report?

  30%
• Who wrote the report about York?


  Rowntree
• What was Rowntree's report called?

  Poverty, a study of town life
• When was Rowntree's report published?

  1901
• What percentage of people in York couldn't afford basic food and housing, according to Rowntree's report in 1901?

  28%
• What percentage of Volunteers were unfit for service in th Boer War?

  40%
• What did the government realise because of the Boer War?

  That in order to have a sufficient army, they needed to provide some form of healthcare.
• What was David Lloyd George and Churchills political party? And when did they win the election?

  They were in the liberal party, and won the election in 1906.
• What was David Lloyd George's job in the liberal party?

  Chancellor of the exchequer
• What was Churchill's job in the liberal party?

  Home secretary
• What were the liberal reforms?

  A series of laws and a change in beliefs - less laissez faire and more helping the poor. churchill and Lloyd george encouraged these reforms and helped to introduce laws that put these new beliefs into place.
• When were free school meals introduced, and who payed for them?

  1906 - they were payed for by council taxes
• When were old age pensions introduced?

  1907
• Why weren't old age pensions very effective initially?

  they were only available to people over 70, but most people only lived to around 50 at the time.
• When did local education authorities start giving free medical inspections to children in schools?

  1907
• When were labour exchanges introduced and what did they do?

  1909 - they helped the unemployed find work
• When was the national insurance act introduced?

  1911
• What did the national health insurance act do (list two ideas)

  1) introduced health insurance for workers

  2) introduced sick pay

  3) the government, worker and employer all contribute to a fund which would pay for sick pay or a doctor/ healthcare
• What did the World Wars do, surrounding awareness about health of people in cities?

  made people in richer rural areas aware of just how bad conditions were, because children from cities went to stay with them.
• How many houses did the labour government build inbetween 1945 and 1951?

  800,000
• When was the Beveridge report published?


  1942
• What did William Beveridge say the government should do?

  Take care of the healthcare from the cradle to the grave.
• When was the NHS introduced?

  1948
• Why didn't doctors want to join the NHS?

  They could make more by only treating rich patients.
• How did the government convince doctors to join the NHS?

  They said they could still treat patients privately, and that all doctors would recieve a fixed pay.