Islam

• Islam - “submission to the will of god.”
• Muslims are monotheistic and worship one, all-knowing God, who in Arabic was known as Allah.
• Islam teaches that Allah’s word is revealed to the prophet Muhammad through the angel Gabriel.
• Muhammad - prophet of Islam
• Muhammad was born in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, in 570 A.D.
• Mosques are places where Muslims worship.
• Mosques

  • kaaba shrine in Mecca
  • al-aqsa mosque in Jerusalem
  • Prophet Muhammad's mosque in Medina
• Quran or Koran is the major holy text of Islam.
• The Hadith is another important book, contain the spoken tradition

  attributed to Muhammad.
• The word Islam means “SUBMISSION TO THE WILL OF GOD” and Islam was started in Mecca
• Islam is the second largest religion in the world after Christianity,
• In 622, Muhammad traveled from Mecca to Medina with his supporters. This journey became known as the Hijra, and marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar.
• AS-SALAAM ALAIKUM - the Arabic term for "Peace be with you"
• WA-ALAIKUM AS-SALAAM is the Arabic term for "peace be with you too"
• Fundamentals and beliefs of Islam

  • In Allah
  • In the will of Allah
  • In the angels of Allah
  • In the book of Allah
  • In the messenger of Allah
  • In the day of Judgement
  • In the Life after Death
• The first caliph was Abu Bakr, Muhammad’s father-in-law and close friend.
• Abu Bakr died about two years after he was elected and was succeeded in 634 by Caliph Umar, another father-in-law of Muhammad.
• When Umar was assassinated six years after being named caliph, Uthman, Muhammad’s son-in-law, took the role.
• Uthman was also killed, and Ali, Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law, was selected as the next caliph.
• SUNNIS MUSLIMS- make up nearly 90 percent of Muslims worldwide.
• SUNNIS MUSLIMS - They accept that the first four caliphs were the true successors to Muhammad.
• SUNNIS MUSLIMS - regards their denomination as the mainstream and traditionalist branch of Islam.
• SUNNIS MUSLIMS - recognize books of Hadith, which contain the spoken tradition attributed to Muhammad.
• The Sunnis also accept as orthodox four schools of Islamic law.
• Orthodox four schools of Islamic law

  • Hanafi
  • Hanbali
  • Maliki
  • Shafi'i
• Shiite Muslims believe that only the caliph Ali and his descendants are the real successors to Muhammad.
• Shiite Muslims - They deny the legitimacy of the first three caliphs.
• Today, Shiite Muslims have a considerable presence in Iran, Iraq and Syria.
• The city of Karbala in Iraq is a pilgrimage site for Shiite Muslims, many of whom sell everything they own to visit this sacred battleground.
• Other types of Islam

  • Wahhabi
  • Alawite
  • Nation of Islam
  • Kharijites
• Wahhabi is made up of members of the Tameem tribe in Saudi Arabia.
• Wahhabi followers observe an extremely strict interpretation of Islam that was taught by Muhammad bin Abd al-Wahhab.
• Alawite - This Shiite form of Islam is prevalent in Syria.
• Alawite followers hold similar beliefs about the caliph Ali but also observe some Christian and Zoroastrian holidays.
• Nation of Islam - This mostly African-American, Sunni sect was founded in the 1930s in Detroit, Michigan.
• Kharijites - They are known for radical fundamentalism, and today are called Ibadi.
• The Islamic calendar is also called the Hijra calendar.
• The Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar used in Islamic religious worship.
• Ramadan occurs during the ninth month of the calendar.
• FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM

  • SHAHADA
  • SALAT
  • ZAKAT
  • SAWM
  • HAJJ