Module 2

• conventional energy resources - also known as non-renewable sources of energy.
• non-conventional energy resources - also known as renewable energy resources
• conventional energy resources - They came from fossil fuels that formed from the remains of plants and animals, which died, buried, and decayed a long time ago. 
• coal - the first fossil fuel discovered. It is also known as the “dirty fuel”
• The Philippines holds 0.03% of the world share as of 2016, with more than 348 million tons of coal placed as the 47th in the world. The total coal consumption increased by 59.55% compared to coal production, resulting in a yearly deficit of 9,048,863 tons of coal. 
• • Crude Oil or petroleum - is produced from fossils of plants and animals that were buried million years ago, under the conditions of high temperature and pressure. 
• Philippine Oil holds 0.01% of the world share as of 2016, ranking 64th in the world. Total Oil Reserves in the Philippines are less than even a single year of oil consumption (156,585,000 barrels as of 2016), making the Philippines highly dependent on oil imports to sustain its consumption levels resulting in 236,907 barrels per day as our oil imports.
• natural gas - comes from fossils. It is a mixture of light hydrocarbons namely; methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), and butane (C4H10). It contains 85% to 90% methane and some hydrogen sulfide, which is a common impurity in fossil fuels. 
• CH4 - methane symbol
• C2H6 - ethane symbol
• C3H8 - propane symbol
• C4H10 - butane
• The Philippines holds 0.050% share of the world’s gas, ranking 50th in the world. The Philippines have proven reserves equivalent to 31.4 times its annual consumption. This means it has about 31 years of gas left (at current consumption levels and excluding unproven reserves).
• • We have to look for alternative energy resources or non-conventional energy resources to supply the increasing energy demand as well as to have the safest and cleanest source of energy.
• • The Philippine Government target expanding renewable energy installed capacity to 15,304 megawatts (MW) by 2030 and will push the percentage share of the Renewable Energy sector close to 35% of the country’s energy generation mix.
• • The Renewable Energy (RE) Act of 2008 or Republic Act (R.A.) 9513 is an act promoting the development, utilization, and commercialization of renewable energy resources and for other purposes.
• solar energy - energy from the sun.
• wind energy - energy from moving air.
• • The first wind farm in the country is located along Bangui Bay in Ilocos Norte producing 25 MW of electricity. This is the largest energy-generating set in the Southeast Asian region.
• geothermal energy - the heat emitted from the earth in the form of hot water or steam.
• • The Geothermal power plants located in Laguna and Albay produces more than 900 MW of energy. Other geothermal power plants are located at Sorsogon, Leyte, Northern and Southern Negros, and Mt. Apo in Mindanao. 
• hydropower - energy from flowing or falling water.
• According to the Department of Energy, the Philippines has 3,627MW of hydropower installed. 
• • Animal manure is allowed to decay to produce methane as biofuels. 
• biomass - harnessed from wood, sugar cane, coconut husks, shells, and other biological wastes. 
• • the gross generation of the Philippines increased to 106,041 GWh registering a growth of 6.3% from the previous year (2018). 
• Generation:

  Luzon – 71.8%

  Visayas – 15.1%

  Mindanao – 13.0%
• • residential sector- 28.8 %
  • industrial sector- 26.6%
  • commercial customers- 24%