Socsci

• Socialization


  The cultural process of learning to participate in group life
• Socialization


  Begins at birth and continues throughout life
• Without socialization, a human infant cannot develop the set of attitudes, beliefs, values, and behaviors associated with being an individual
• Personality


  The sum total of behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and values that are characteristic of an individual
• Our personality determines how we adjust to our environment and how we react in specific situations
• No two individuals have exactly the same personality
• Factors in Personality Development

  • Heredity
  • Birth Order
  • Parental Characteristics
  • Cultural Environment
• Heredity


  For example, a natural talent for music or art would be considered an aptitude
• Birth Order


  Firstborn children are more likely to be achievement-oriented and responsible than later-born children. Later-born children tend to be more affectionate and friendly. First-borns are often risk-takers and social and intellectual rebels
• Parental Characteristics


  The age of their parents, level of education, religious orientation, economic status, cultural heritage, occupational background can influence a child's personality
• Cultural Environment


  In the United States, competitiveness, assertiveness, and individualism are common personality traits
• Socialization and personality 


  Nearly all human social behaviour we consider natural and normal is learned. nearly all aspects of social life are not natural but learned through the process of socialization. Human beings at birth are helpless and without knowledge of society's ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving. If a human infant is to participate in cultural life, much learning has to take place.
• Many Japanese believe that a person's blood type influences .

  character
• Culture offers an explanation of human behavior.
• type A people are thought to be orderly, law-abiding, fastidious, soft-spoken, fashionable and calm. On the negative side, type A people are considered picky, selfish, secretive, pessimistic, inflexible and reckless when drunk.
• People with blood type A have a deep-rooted strength that helps them stay calm in a crisis when everyone else is panicking.
• People with blood type B are the most practical of the blood groups. They are specialists in what they do.
• People with blood type O people are outgoing, energetic and social.
• People with blood type AB are hard to categorize.
• Who is the Filipino? Before World War Il, the main problem faced by Filipino students and researchers in Filipino behavior was the scarcity of materials and sources written by Filipinos on the subject.
• Some Filipino Character Traits

  Bahala na attitude

  Hospitable and peaceful

  Religiosity

  Respect for elders
• Self


  Essentially a social structure that arises in social experience
• Self


  • Consists of an "I" which is the active side and an "me" which is the object
• Generalized others

  Concept in Mead's theory of self
• Infants


  Begin with no self
• Three-stage Development Processes during Childhood

  1. Preparatory Stage: Young children engage in primative form of interaction with adults

  2. Play Stage: The child learns the symbols of the language system, which gives him/her a self-consciousness

  3. Game Stage: Children acquire a sense of, and seek approval of what Mead called generalized others
• Looking Glass Self


  A self-concept that is based upon how we think when we appear to others
• In Search of the True Self

  Charles Cooley's concept
• The Presentation of the Self in Everyday Life


  Erving Goffman's concept where he compared the behavior of individuals in society to acting on stage and maintains that everyone is playing a role
• Unmasking the Persona in the Social Self

  Sociologist observe that individuals need to unmask the persona in their social selves and begin to rediscover the real self from the unreal
• Agents of Socialization


  The various entities that play a role in socializing individuals
• The Family


  • The most important agent of socialization in most societies
  • The principal socializer of young children
• Parents as Socializing Agents


  • The most important early socializing agents
  • They recognize the responsibility of teaching their children the skills necessary to get along in life
• Parents coming from different subcultural, ethnic, or religious groups, different social classes and different historical periods will have differing notions of what they should teach their children (Peterson and Rollins, 1987)
• Reverse Socialization


  Occurs when people who are normally the ones being socialized are, instead, doing the socializing
• Peer Groups


  • Particularly influential during the pre-teenage and early teenage years
  • In the peer group, young people have an opportunity to engage in give-and-take relationships
  • Children experience conflict, competition and cooperation in such groups
• Adult Socialization


  • Occurs in connection with aging such as adolescence and old age
  • Also occurs due to other life transactions such as the loss of one's job, getting separated or divorced, or being widowed
• The School


  • Plays a major role in socializing individuals
  • Class activities are planned for the deliberate purpose of teaching
  • Extracurricular activities are intended to also prepare the student for life in society
  • School also transmits cultural values, such as patriotism, responsibility and good citizenship
• Socialization and Work Setting


  • Both formal and informal socialization are likely to occur whenever one enters a new profession, organization or work setting
  • Some occupations and professions feature intense training at the time of entry
• The Mass Media


  • Convey thousands of visual, aural, and verbal messages each day
  • These messages are defining social life of all ages
  • The media of communications are continuing the process of socialization