GEEL

• Human Rights


  A term that is used and abused nowadays, employed to defend human freedom as well as destroy it
• Most often, Human Rights are seriously violated, with women and indigenous peoples being the subject worldwide
• Human rights


  • Provides fairness and equality in human society
  • Without human rights, society would go back to ancient times in terms of morality
• The idea of human rights is part of human history, derived from diverse religious records, considering such natural rights as coming directly from a superior being
• Entitlement from the enjoyment of those rights was often limited to men
• The United Nations General Assembly decided to implement a Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) as the foundation of freedom, justice, and peace in the world


  1948
• Despite the global effort of the recognition of the fundamental rights of all human beings, regardless of their sex, gender, language, religion, political opinion, it remains far from universal
• Gender Discrimination


  When an employer considers an applicant or employee less favorably because of his or her sex or gender
• Violation of human rights includes treating an employee of an applicant because he or she does not follow conventional notions of femininity or masculinity, and demands for sexual favors and other physical or verbal harassment like unpleasant remarks about women or men
• Violence against women


  A widespread violation of fundamental human rights and an enduring form of gender-based prejudice, affecting most women regardless of their age or social and economic status
• Violence against women denies women of their fundamental rights and freedoms, hinders their ability to participate actively in society, affects their enjoyment of sexual and reproductive health, and is a source of tremendous physical and psychological suffering for both women and their families
• Forms of violence against women

  • Domestic Violence
  • Rape and Sexual Assault
  • Prostitution
  • Human Trafficking
  • Female Genital Mutilation
  • Forced Marriage
  • Sexual Harassment
• Domestic Violence


  When one person tries to assert power over their partner, can be emotional, financial, physical, or sexual abuse
• Physical abuse in domestic violence

  • Beating, punching, slapping, arm twisting, burning, choking, kicking, stabbing, strangling, murder, genital mutilation
• Emotional/Psychological abuse


  The most common type of violence experienced by women and children, involves threats of physical force, being put down, always criticized, and controlled, intimidation, and forcing unwanted sexual acts
• Financial/Economic abuse


  A form of domestic violence in which the abuser uses money to control his partner, includes denial of funds for food and basic needs, controlling the family finances, access to health care, and employment
• Rape and Sexual Assault


  One of the worst and most heinous forms of assault, occurs if a woman is forced to participate in a sexual act without her consent, through coercion or physical violence
• Prostitution


  The act of engaging in promiscuous sexual relations, especially for money, involvement is rarely a freely entered choice for a woman
• The Philippines has an unfortunate reputation for prostitution, with an estimated 300,000 to 500,000 prostituted individuals, of which 75,000 to 100,000 are children
• Human Trafficking


  The recruitment, transport, and transfer of persons with or without their consent or knowledge within or across national borders using different forms of coercion, including abduction, deception, and fraud
• Undocumented women overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) are vulnerable to being victims of trafficking for forced labor or prostitution
• Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)


  The partial or total removal of the external female genitalia of a girl for cultural or other non-therapeutic reasons, an act of violence against women and children that can cause irreparable harm
• Forced Marriage


  When the bride does not want to marry the groom but is forced to by others, usually by their families, a traumatic experience that can lead to depression, self-harm, and even suicide
• Sexual Harassment


  Unwanted conduct that has the purpose or effect of violating a person's dignity and creating an intimidating, degrading, hostile, humiliating, or offensive environment, reinforces the subordination of women to men in society
• Women empowerment


  The process of increasing the capacity of women to choose and to transform those choices into desired actions and outcomes, making her an agent of change
• The women's movement in the Philippines has a long and colorful history, with women's groups playing a vital role in the demand for progressive changes throughout history
• Known Filipino women patriots

  • Trinidad Tecson, the "Mother of Biak na Bato"
  • Hilaria Aguinaldo, wife of General Emilio Aguinaldo
• Women


  • They have always performed a vital role in the demand for progressive changes throughout history here and abroad
  • The women's movement in the Philippines has a long and colorful history
• Filipino women patriots


  • Trinidad Tecson
  • Hilaria Aguinaldo
  • Constancia Poblete
  • Conception Felix de Calderon
• Other feminist organizations and leaders

  • Associacion Feminista Ilonga (Pura Villanueva Lalaw)
  • La Proteccion de la Infancia
  • Gabriela Silang
  • Teresa Magbanua
  • Marcela Marcelo
  • Agueda Kahabagan
  • Delfina Natividad
  • Gregoria de Jesus
• The advancement towards gender equality came about through women's movements, increased numbers of women political representatives, increased numbers of educated women, higher specificity on women's issues instituted under the legislation, and the focused application of those laws
• Laws formed by the Philippine government to advance the rights of women

  • Philippine Constitution (Art. XIII-Women; Section 14)
  • R.A 6725 of 1989
  • R.A 6949 of 1990
  • R.A 6955 of 1990
  • R.A 6972 of 1990
  • R.A 7192 of 1992
  • R.A 7322 of 1992
  • R.A 7600 of 1992
  • R.A 7688 of 1994
  • R.A 7877 of 1995
  • R.A 7882 of 1995
  • R.A 8353 of 1997
  • R.A 8369 of 1997
  • R.A 8505 of 1998
  • R.A 8972 of 2000
  • R.A 9208 of 2003
  • R.A 9262 of 2004
  • R.A 10354 of 2012
  • R.A 9710 (Magna Carta of Women)