Problem Sites

• Burns, scars, and tattoos are difficult to what?

  Palpate
• Newly burned painful areas are a disadvantage for whom?

  Patient
• Healed burn areas are a disadvantage for whom?

  Medtech
• Painful: Newly burned areas
• Impaired circulation: healed burn areas
• Tattooed area: impaired circulation and CONTIAN DYES
• Damaged veins are usually seen in what type of patients?

  Patients undergoing regular venipuncture and with chronic kidney disease
• Damaged veins are SCLEROSED and THROMBOSED
• Sclerosed: hardened
• Thrombosed: clotted
• Damaged veins are like what?

  cord
• Damaged veins lack what?

  Resiliency
• Damaged veins are occluded or obstructed
• Edema: abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues
• In edema, veins are what to locate?

  HARDER
• Edema may yield INNACURATE RESULTS because it does what to the blood?

  Dilutes the blood
• Hematomas are what?

  Painful
• Hematoma: leakage of blood from the tissue
• Hematoma causes what type of samples?

  hemolyzed
• If there is a presence of hematoma, where do you collect?

  below the hematoma
• Mastectomy: Surgical breast removal
• Blood should NEVER be drawn from an arm on the SAME side of the MASTECTOMY because there are no presence of what there, making it susceptible to swelling?

  Lymph nodes
• Mastectomy can cause what?

  Lymphostasis
• Obesity: extremely overweight
• In obese patients, veins may be DEEP and DIFFICULT to find.
• In obese patients, we extract blood from where?

  cephalic
• In obesity, what are the 3 equipments we can use?

  Pentose drain tubing, long velcro strap, and BP cuff
• Fistula: A passage between two organs or tissues that is not normally present.
• Arteriovenous shunt, fistula or graft are a result of what?

  Dialysis
• Never apply what in an arm with fistula?

  Tourniquet
• Intravenous site: Inserted in a vein to administer fluids
• Intravenous site are contaminated with what?

  IV fluid
• Intravenous can cause ERRONEOUS RESULT.
• Extracting from intravenous site can increase what by how many?

  glucose by 500mg/dL
• Turn off IV for at least how long?

  2 minutes
• Apply tourniquet DISTAL to the IV
• Select venipuncture site DISTAL to the IV
• Collect blood in a DIFFERENT VEIN than the one with the IV if possible.
• Restart the IV