computer

• Mensuration

  The geometry applied to the computation of magnitude lengths, areas, or volumes from given dimensions or angles
• Mensuration


  The act of measuring
• In computing, mensuration refers to virtual measurements of computer components and converting between number systems
• Computers can only understand and perform manipulations of 0s and 1s, called binary digits or bits
• For users to communicate with computers, binary digits are combined to represent characters, numbers, or symbols
• It is essential for programmers to understand how data is translated from one form to another inside the computer
• Number system


  Any notation that represents numerals or numbers
• Decimal number system

  • Base or radix of 10
  • Uses digits 0-9
• Binary number system


  • Base or radix of 2
  • Uses digits 0 and 1
• Octal number system


  • Base or radix of 8
  • Uses digits 0-7
• Hexadecimal number system


  • Base or radix of 16
  • Uses digits 0-9 and letters A-F
• ASCII


  System that assigns a specific decimal number to each character (numbers, letters, punctuations, and other special characters) and converts it into a string of 8 binary bits (a byte)
• Octal numbers


  • 6
  • 7
  • 10
  • 11
  • 12
  • 13
  • 14
  • 15
  • 16
  • 17
  • 20
• Computer program


  Series of instructions written to perform a specified task on a computer
• Programmer


  Person who writes, develops, and debugs the computer program
• Programming


  Process done by programmers to instruct a computer on how to do a task
• Programming language


  Tool that allows programmers to write commands or programs
• Machine language


  The only language that a computer can understand
• Assembly language


  Uses mnemonics in place of 0s and 1s to simplify the programmers' way of creating programs
• Mnemonics

  Memory aids used with assembly language to abbreviate an operation
• Assembler


  Translates assembly language statements into the target computer's machine code
• Bit

  Each 0 and 1 in the binary system
• High-level language


  Type of programming languages that has simpler and English-like context
• Interpreter


  Translates high-level instructions into machine code, line by line as the program is running
• Compiler


  Translates the entire program into machine code before running the program
• GUI


  Also known as Graphical User Interface, which lets software users interact with objects like scrollbars and buttons
• OOP


  Method of programming based on classes and objects
• Coding


  The last stage of the Program Development Process, wherein the programmer will start writing the program