The process or product of arranging elements in a way that appeals to the senses or emotions
Art
Creations and ways of expression, including music, literature, film, sculpture and paintings
Humanities
Branches of knowledge that concern themselves with human beings and their culture
Humanities
Includes the study of all languages and literatures, the arts, history, and philosophy
Art history
Also called art historiography, historical study that deals with identifying, classifying, describing, evaluating, interpreting, and understanding the art products and historic development
Art history
To discover who made a particular art object
To understand the stylistic and formal development of artistic traditions on a large scale and within a broad historical perspective
Four common essentials of art
Art has to be man-made
Art must be creative, not imitative
Art must benefit and satisfy man
Art is expressed through a certain medium or material by which the artist communicates himself to his audiences
The seven major arts
Painting
Sculpture
Architecture
Music
Dance
Drama
Literature
Visual arts
Expression of skills and imagination through painting, sculpture, and architecture
Performing/combined arts
Live art where the artist's medium is mainly the human body, also employs other kinds of art like film, music, dance, and theatre
Applied arts
Incorporating elements of style and design to everyday items with the aim of increasing their aesthetical value, such as fashion design, furniture design, interior design, and graphic design
Digital art
Art that is made with the assistance of electronic devices, or intended to be displayed on a computer
Art is universal: it is everywhere and timeless because it goes beyond the time of our own existence
Art is not nature: it is man-made, a creation of man utilizing his thoughtful skills and artistry
Art involves experience: we can only appreciate art if we spend time to look at it, listen to it, touch it, and feel its presence
Categories of art
Movie
Novel
Poem
Music
Architectural structure
Piece of clothing
Art as an imitation
According to Plato, artists are imitators and art is just an imitation
Form
An objective "blueprint" of perfection, the forms are perfect themselves because they are unchanging
Plato was suspicious of art and artists because they appeal to emotion rather than reason, and they imitate rather than lead one to reality
Socrates claimed that art is just an imitation of imitation, and art is dangerous because it provides a petty replacement for the real entities that can only be attained through reason
Art as a representation
According to Aristotle, art does not aim to represent reality as it is but to provide a vision of what might be or the many possibilities in reality
Art as a disinterested judgement
According to Immanuel Kant, the judgement of beauty is the cornerstone of art, as something that can be universal despite its subjectivity
Art as a communication of emotion
According to Tolstoy, genuine art conveys universal human feelings and thus has a moral function
Types of subjects in art
Representational art (also called figurative art)
Non-representational art (also called non-objective art)
Sources and kinds of subjects in art
Nature
History
Greek and Roman mythology
Judeo-Christian tradition
Sacred oriental texts
Other works of art
History
Still life
Animals
Figures
Landscapes
Seascape
Cityscape
Mythology
Myth
Dreams
Fantasies
Content of art
The intellectual, psychological, spiritual, narrative or aesthetic aspect of the work
Types of content meaning in art
Factual meaning
Conventional meaning
Subjective meaning
Subject, content, and form are important in art because they contribute to the expression of meaning, personal and cultural narratives, and the overall aesthetic experience
Artist
A creative individual who uses their imagination and skills to communicate in an art form
Artisan
A skilled worker who makes things with their hands, for use or decoration
Production process
Pre-production
Production
Post-production
Medium
The materials used by an artist to create a work of art
Technique
The artist's ability and knowledge or technical know-how in manipulating the medium