Breast assessment

• This is an area near the breast and around the axilla that is where most breast tumors occur?

  Tail of spence
• The name of the breast tissue that extends superiorlaterally into the axilla, also called the Tail of Spence.

  Axillary tail
• The following are abnormal findings of the breast except:

  a.) Striaeb.) Swellingc.) Hyperpigmentationd.) Changes in nevi


  Striae
• The following are abnormal findings of the breast except:a.) Lack of striaeb.) Hyperpigmentationc.) Edemad.) Hypervascular area

  Lack of striae
• "Milk line", which extends from each axilla to the groin.a.) Mammary ridgeb.) Montgomery’s glands (tubercles)c.) Axillary taild.) Suspensory ligaments

  Mammary ridge
• When the nurse detects a mass, they will have to record the data, which data is being recorded when the nurse documents whether the mass is round, oval, or irregular?a.) Sizeb.) Shapec.) Consistencyd.) Mobility

  Shape
• Which data is being documented when the nurse writes that the mass is soft?a.) Sizeb.) Shapec.) Consistencyd.) Mobility

  Consistency
• Which data is being documented when the nurse records where the mass is in relative to the quadrants of the breast?

  a.) Locationb.) Tendernessc.) Consistencyd.) Mobility

  Location
• Which of the following positions accentuates the presence of dimpling during the inspection phase of breast assessment?

  a.) Sitting with arms raised over the head

  b.) Leaning forward with arms in front of the client

  c.) Supine with arm elevated

  d.) Sitting with arms relaxed at the sides

  Sitting with arms raised over the head
• The nurse interviews a 13-year-old female patient, the patient is venting that their breast is developing unequally. What response would be most appropriate?

  a.) "Your breasts seem normal"

  b.) "It’s normal for breast development to be unequal during puberty"

  c.) "don’t worry most girls have breasts that are unequal"

  d.) "Did your mother experience the same thing?"

  It’s normal for breast development to be unequal during puberty
• When performing a breast examination, the nurse notes the presence of Montgomery’s tubercles, soft tissue bilaterally, palpable infraclavicular lymph nodes, and slight tenderness to deep palpation bilaterally. Which of the findings would the nurse consider a deviation from normal?

  a.) Soft tissue bilaterally

  b.) Palpable infraclavicular lymph nodes

  c.) The presence of Montgomery's tubercles

  d.) Nevi on the areola

  Palpable infraclavicular lymph nodes
• A 65-year-old female client wants to know if she should still continue to perform self-breast assessments. The most appropriate response by the nurse is:

  a.) "Breast cancer can still develop when you get older."

  b.) "Self-exam is not necessary if you get yearly mammograms."

  c.) "Women can stop breast self-exams after menopause."

  d.) "After age 60, it is not really necessary."

  Breast cancer can still develop when you get older
• Which of the following are abnormal findings during inspection of the breasta.) The two nipples are pointing in different directions

  b.) Visible veins under the breasts

  c.) The patients’ right breasts are larger than her left

  d.) Linear striae visible

  The two nipples are pointing in different directions
• Dimpling is a normal finding on the breast.

  True

  False

  False
• A circular pigmented field of wrinkled skin containing the nipple  a.) Areola

  b.) Montgomery's glands (tubercles)

  c.) Acini cells

  d.) Axillary tail

  Areola
• When gathering breast history information on a client, the client states that she has noticed a few drops of clear discharge from her nipples over the past few months. Which of the following actions is most appropriate in this situation?

  a.) Ask additional history questions about the discharge and medications she is currently taking.

  b.) Notify the health care provider.

  c.) Document the presence of the discharge.

  d.) Refer the client for a mammogram.

  Ask additional history questions about the discharge and medications she is currently taking
• The nurse is palpating the breasts of a 30-year-old nonlactating female. Which of the following would be considered normal for this client?

  a.) Peau d'orange

  b.) Smooth, elastic breast tissue

  c.) Thickening of the skin

  d.) Unilateral lumps on the breast

  Smooth, elastic breast tissue
• During assessment of the patients breasts the nurse notices an inverted left nipple. The nurse is correct when she says that:a.) This is a significant finding if it happened recently

  b.) This is usually found in lactating mothers

  c.) A normal finding

  d.) Always a sign of a growing tumor

  This is a significant finding if it happened recently
• Enlargement of the breast tissue in the male. this can occur at birth in response to maternal hormones.a.) Mammary Duct Ectasia

  b.) Carcinoma

  c.) Gynecomastia

  d.) Benign Breast Disease

  Gynecomastia
• These are large sebaceous glands visible on the areola capable of secreting milka.) Montgomery glands

  b.) Axillary tail

  c.) Acini cells

  d.) Suspensory ligaments

  Montgomery glands
• It is a paired mammary gland that lie over the muscles of the anterior chest wall

  breast
• The breast is anterior to the?

  Pectoralis major and serratus muscle
• Where do men have some glandular tissue? It’s also a potential site for malignancy

  Beneath each nipple
• Where do mature woman have glandular tissue?

  Throughout the breast
• 1. Areola
  2. Montgomery gland
  3. Nipple
  4. Sulcus
  5. Ducts
  6. Fatty tissue
  7. Lobes

  
• Identify

  Identify

  A) Suspensory ligaments

  B) fat lobule

  C) Areola

  D) lactiferous sinus

  E) nipple

  F) lactiferous ducts

  G) 2nd rib

  H) pectoral fascia

  I) retromammary space

  J) subcutaneous tissue

  K) pectoralis minor

  L) pectoralis major

  M) 4th intercostal space

  N) lobules of mammary gland (resting)

  O) 6th rib

  P) lobules of mammary gland (lactating)

  
• Enumerate the external anatomy of the breast

  Nipple

  Areola

  Montgomery gland
• Enumerate the internal anatomy of the breast

  Glandular tissue

  Fibrous tissue

  Fatty tissue

  Mammary gland
• What tissue is the functional part, allows milk production, and is arrange in 15-20 lobes around the breast?

  Glandular tissue
• What tissue provides most of the substance of the breast, determining the size and shape of the breast.

  Fatty tissue
• What tissue provides support through the Cooper ligaments?

  Fibrous tissue
• These are the organs of milk production in breasts

  mammary gland
• What are the quadrants of the breast

  Upper inner

  Upper outer

  Lower inner

  Lower outer
• The quadrant that is referred to as the tail of Spence. Most breast tumors occur in here

  Upper outer quadrant
• Identify the major lymph nodes

  Lateral/Brachial

  Central/Midaxillary

  Anterior/Pectoral

  Posterior/Subscapular

  Infraclavicular

  Supraclavicular
• What are the equipment to be used when assessing the breast and axillae?

  Gloves

  Ruler

  Small pillow

  Patient's gown
• What should we check prior to performing the procedure?

  Doctor's order
• Rationale for checking the doctor's order?


  To verify correct order
• To deter the spread of microorganisms, we must?

  Perform hand hygiene and wear gloves
• Why should we prepare pieces of equipment needed for the assessment.

  To ensure organization and time-efficiency