Con chem reviewer mod 1

• Medicine


  The science or practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease
• Medicina


  Medicine
• Drogue


  Drug
• Drug


  A substance that can induce a form of stupefaction because it stupefies one's line of thought and state of mental well-being
• Medicine


  A field of study whose graduates are called physicians or M.D.'s
• Medicine

  Any substance that is designed to prevent or treat diseases
• Drug


  A substance designed to produce a specific reaction inside the body
• Medicine


  • Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medicines such as Advil
• Drugs


  • Antidepressants like Lexapro
• Importance of Medicine


  Medicines are chemicals or compounds used to cure, halt, or prevent disease; ease symptoms; or help in the diagnosis of illnesses
• Importance of Medicine


  • The prolongation of life
  • The alleviation of suffering
  • "To optimize the patient's chance for a happy and productive life."
• Prehistoric medicine


  Medicine men, also known as witch doctors or shamans, are in charge of their tribe's health. They gathered plant based medications, mainly herbs and root.
• Ancient Egypt Medicine (3300BC to 525BC)

  Ebers Papyrus (Papyrus Ebers) are medical documents written around 1500 BC
• Types of injuries in Ancient Egypt

  • Treatable injuries - dealt with immediately
  • Contestable injuries - deemed not to be life-threatening; patient could survive without doctor intervention. They are put under observation.
  • Untreatable ailments - the doctor would not intervene.
• simila similibus


  Use of products or herbs or plants as treatments that looked similar to the illness they were treating
• Hesy-Ra, 2700 BC, was "Chief of Dentists and Doctors" to King Dioser
• Peseshet 2400 BC, was the first female doctor and supervisor of all female doctors
• Ancient Greek medicine


  Probably the basis of modern scientific medicine
• The first schools to develop in Greece were in Sicilly and Calabria (today is Italy)
• Early Greek medical school was set up in Cnidus in 700 BC
• Hippocrates (460-370 BC)


  The Father of Western Medicine. He is considered as one of the giants in the history of medicine in recognition for his contributions to the medical field as founder of the Hippocratic School of Medicine.
• Ancient Romans Medicines


  Was a flourishing civilization that started around 800 BC and existed for approximately 1200 years
• Ancient Romans adopted the Greek theory about the four humors
• Galen (AD 129 - circa 200/216), a prominent Greek physician, had to make do with dissecting animals to further his research
• Consul Flavius Boethius, one of Galen's patients, introduced him to the imperial court; he soon became Emperor Marcus Aurelius' personal physician
• Marcus Terentius Varro (116 BC - 27 BC) believed disease was caused by miniature creatures too small for the naked eye to see (bacteria and viruses are too small to see)
• Crinas of Massilia was sure that our illnesses were caused by the stars
• Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (AD 4 - circa AD 70), an agricultural writer, thought diseases came from swamp vapors
• Pedanius Dioscorides (circa 40-90 AD), was a Greek botanist, pharmacologist and physician who practiced in Rome when Nero was ruler
• Muhammad ibn Zakariyā Rāzī (Al-Razi) (865-925)


  He is the first to distinguish measles from smallpox. The Father of Pediatrics
• Ibn Sina wrote The Book of Healing, an enormous scientific encyclopedia, as well as The Canon of Medicine, which became essential reading at several medical schools around the world
• Medieval Period


  Commonly known as The Middle Ages, spanned 1,000 years, from the 5th to the 15th century (476 AD to 1453 AD)
• Early Middle Ages


  Also known as the Dark Ages
• The Middle Ages is divided into three periods - the Early, High and Late Middle Ages
• The Renaissance period


  1400s to 1700s
• Girolamo Fracastoro (1478-1553) put forward the idea that epidemics may be caused by pathogens from outside the body
• Andreas Vesalius (1514 -1564) was the author of one of the most influential books on human anatomy "De Humani Corporis Fabrica (On the Structure of the Human Body)"
• William Harvey (1578 - 1657) was the first person to properly describe the systemic circulation and properties of blood, which is pumped around the body by the heart
• Paracelsus (Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim, 1493 - 1541)


  He pioneered the use of minerals and chemicals in the body
• Leonardo Da Vinci (1452 - 1519)


  From Italy, considered by many to have been a genius. Da Vinci was a polymath - somebody who was expert in several different fields. Da Vinci was a painter, sculptor, scientist, engineer, mathematician, musician, anatomist, inventor, cartographer, botanist, geologist and writer.