mil 4

• Genre


  The nature of genre in relation to understanding codes and conventions
• Evaluating everyday media and information

  1. With regards to codes, conventions, and messages

  2. In regard to the audience, producers, and other stakeholders
• All media is constructed
• Media messages


  Pieces of information sent from a source to a receiver that may arouse different ideas or messages
• Media and information stakeholders


  • Producers
  • Audience
  • Other stakeholders
• Media codes


  A system or collection of signs that create meaning when put together
• Social and cultural values and beliefs are reflected in media content
• The first step to fully appreciating the constructedness of media and information messages is to take the route of disassembling through these codes
• Types of media codes


  • Technical codes
  • Visual codes
  • Written codes
• Technical codes


  Signs that are produced when an equipment is used to tell the story in a media text which consequently affects how you can interpret the meaning of the text
• Technical codes


  • Camera shots and angles
  • Audio
  • Lighting
• Visual codes


  Also known as Symbolic codes. These are codes that are embedded in the technical codes such as objects, settings, body language, clothing, and color
• Visual codes


  • Setting
  • Acting
  • Superstitious beliefs
• Written codes


  The use of language style and textual layout
• Written codes


  • Captions
  • Titles
  • Slogans
  • Taglines
• Media conventions


  Accepted ways of using media codes. They are closely connected to the audience expectations of a media product
• Media messages are representations of reality with embedded values and points of view
• Individuals interpret media messages and create their own meaning based on personal experience
• Media are driven by profit within economic and political contexts
• Communication


  The process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures
• Information


  Processed data and/or knowledge derived from study, experience, instruction, signals, or symbols
• Media


  Channels/mediums or ways we use to transmit or communicate messages; communication tools
• Technology


  Application of scientific knowledge to the practical aims of human life or to change and manipulate the human environment
• Literacy


  The ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate, and compute using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts
• Media Literacy


  The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and communicate information in a variety of forms
• Information Literacy


  The ability to recognize when information is needed, and to locate, evaluate, and effectively communicate information in its various formats
• Technological Literacy


  The ability of an individual to responsibly, appropriately, and effectively use technological tools
• Media and Information Literacy


  The essential skills and competencies that allow individuals to engage with media and other information providers effectively, as well as develop critical thinking and life-long learning skills to socialize and become active citizens
• Evaluating Information

  1. Task definition = knowledge

  2. Information seeking Strategies = Sources

  3. Location and access = sources

  4. Use of information = benefit

  5. Synthesis = comprehension

  6. Evaluation = worth
• Pre-Industrial Age (Before 1700s)


  • Cave paintings
  • Papyrus (Egypt)
  • Clay tablets (Mesopotamia)
  • Acta Diurna (Rome)
  • Dibao (China)
  • Codex (Mayan Region)
  • Printing press using wood blocks
• Industrial Age (1700s-1930s)


  • Printing press for mass production
  • Newspaper production
  • The London Gazette (1665)
  • Typewriter (1800)
  • Telegraph (1840s)
  • Telephone (1876)
  • Moon pictures (1890)
  • Sound film (1894)
  • Punch Cards (1890s - 1930s)
• Electronic Age (1930s-1980s)

  • Transistor Radio (1950s)
  • Commercial Television (Early to mid 1940s)
  • Large electronic computers (late 1940s - to early 1950s)
  • Mainframe Computer (1960s)
  • Personal computers (late 1960s)
  • Overhead Projectors (OHP) (late 1950s, early 1960s)
  • LCD Projectors (mid to late 1980s)
• Information Age (1900s-2000s)

  • Web browsers
  • Search engines
  • Social Networks
  • Microblogging sites
  • Photo and video sharing websites
  • Instant messaging and video conferencing
  • Mobiles phones
  • Portable computers
  • Wearable technology
  • Cloud and big data
• Print Media


  Consisting of paper and ink, reproduced in a printing process that is traditionally mechanical
• Broadcast Media


  Reaches target audiences using airwaves as the transmission medium (radio and television)
• Digital/New Media


  Integration of technologies emerging on one digital platform to organize and distribute content
• Media Convergence


  The merging of different equipment and tools for producing and distributing news through digitization and computer networking
• Trends in Media


  A change or development towards something new or different; reflects what seems to be going around at any given time
• Indigenous Sources


  Local knowledge shared within a society and culture, not universal
• Library Sources

  Facilitators of Information, Custodians of National and Cultural Riches, Innovators of Information-seeking Practices, Facilitators of other activities