Rizal

• Antonio de Morga - lieutenant governor of the Philippines in the late sixteenth century
• Morisqueta – cooked rice crushed in wooden pillars
• Filippino Nation - did not exist until the establishment of the shortlived Philippine Republic under Aguinaldo in 1898
• Ferdinand Blumentritt- Austrian ethnographer
• June 1888 -towards the end of this month and year he tore up the completed chapters(filli), changed the plot entirely, and began anew to produce a work which would influence his countrymen "to think correctly"
• Reinhold Rost - from the Director of the India Office Library, he applied for and was granted a reader's pass to the British Museum
• 18 August 1888 -Close to this date Rizal was copying out, by hand, the entire first edition of Morga's Sucusos de las islas Filipinas1
• Antonio Regidor- a wealthy countryman, in exile in London following the Cavite Mutiny, would publish the work when completed.
•  Factor in the relative obscurity of Rizal's annotations to Morga:

  ; Censorship during the Spanish colonial period

  ; the Rizal edition of Morga was banned in the Philippines

  ; copies confiscated by Spanish customs in Manila

  ;other ports of entry were destroyed due to the burning of one particularly large shipment of the Morga

  ; the book attained "rare" and "out of print status within a year of its publication.

  ; It did not have a second printing

  ; few copies in circulation were left hidden and unread by frightened owners

  ; problem of language
• ·         Filipino did not exist until Rizal's time,
• ·         The history of the place, then Rizal was indeed rewriting history, because there are numerous Spanish chronicles written- from the late sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries.
• ·         the history of the Filipinos, then, being the first history and having nothing to rewrite, Rizal was actually writing Philippine history
• ·          The historiographical importance of this little-read scholarly work by Rizal- it was the first historical work on the Philippines by a Filipino. It is the first history written from the point of view of the colonized not the colonizer.
• ·         completing Noli me Tangere -Rizal seems to have been reflecting on his country's history shortly
• ·         Thus he stated in a letter to Blumentritt that his aim was simply to "present a new edition to the public, above all the Filipino public . . . I do this solely for my country, because this work will bring me neither honor nor money"
• ·         By the end of September 1889 he had brought the manuscript to Paris
• ·          Sucesos de las islas Filipinas por el Doctor Antonio de Morga. Obra publicada en mejico en el atlo de 1609, nummente sacada a luz y anotada por Jose Rizal, y precedida de un prologo del prof. Fernando Blumentn'tt (Events in the Philippine Islands by Dr. Antonio de Morga. A work published in Mexico in the year 1609, reprinted and annotated by Jose Rizal and preceded by an introduction by professor Ferdinand Blumentritt ).
• ·         Antonio de Morga was born in 1559 in Seville
• ·         He graduated from the University of Salamanca in 1574
• ·         1578 attained a doctorate in Canon Law
• ·         He taught briefly in Osuna
• ·         later returning to Salamanca to study Civil Law
• ·         In 1580 he joined the government service, and was appointed in 1593 to Manila as Lieutenant Governor, the second most powerful position in the colony, next only to the Governor General of the Philippines.
• ·         In 1598 he resigned this post to assume the office of oidor or judge in the Audiencia.
• ·         Lieutenant Governor- the second most powerful position in the colony
• ·         Morga's fame came in 1600
• ·         Morga was put in charge of the Spanish fleet against a Dutch invasion under Olivier van Noort.
• ·         in 1603 he was transferred to Mexico.
• ·         A particularly malicious biographical note on Morga is provided by W.E. Retana in his three-volume Aprato Biblegrafico de la Historia General de Filipiw (Bibliographibl Apparatus for a General History of the Philippines) published in 1906
• ·         Juliana, Morga's eldest daughter, was discovered in 1602 to be in love with a man of a lower social standing, a soldier from Mexico.
• Chapter 1. Of the first discoveries of the Eastern islands.
• Chapter 2. Of the government of Dr. Francisco de Sande
• Chapter 3. Of the government of don Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peiialosa
• Chapter 4. Of the government of Dr. Santiago de Vera.
• Chapter  5. Of the government of Gomes Perez Dasrnariiias.
• Chapter  6. Of the government of don Francisco Tello
• Chapter 7. Of the government of don Pedro de Acuiia
• Chapter 8. An account of the Philippine Islands.
• ·         Sucesos de las islas Filipinas- Morga's version of the battle of Manila Bay left to history
• ·         Miguel Lopez de Legaspi in 1565- first governor general