module 6 - root system

• root system - underground portion of the sporophyte of vascular plants that primarily functions for absorption of water and minerals, anchorage, and production of certain hormones.
• primary root - radicle of the embryo of seed plants gives rise to the first formed root called the?
• lateral roots - Roots that originated from pre-existing roots (primary)
• adventitious roots - originating from organs other than roots
• root hairs - Young roots have hair-like appendages, arises from lateral roots
• trichoblast - root hairs arise from specialized epidermal cells
• taproot - root system of dicot
• fibrous root - root system of monocots
• root hairs - increase the surface area for water absorption.
• tetrarch - xylem ridge of dicot roots
• exarch - protoxylem closer to the cortex
• endarch - metaxylem closer sa cortex
• protostele - type of stele typical to dicot roots
• siphonostele - type of stele typical to monocot roots
• comparison

  A) thinner

  B) thicker

  C) -

  D) +

  E) protostele

  F) siphonostele

  G) tetrarch

  H) polyarch

  
• storage roots - greatly thickened roots that absorb starch and water
• aerial roots - adventitious roots that do not reach the soil and may take up water and minerals from the air or from runoff from plants
• prop roots - adventitious roots that grow toward the soil and provide additional support to the plant
• contractile roots - roots that contract vertically, consequently pulling the rootstock further into the soil, daffodils
• haustoria - roots of parasitic plant penetrating the tissues of the host plant, mistletoe
• pneumatophore - roots that grow upward from the soil functioning for gas exchange, mangrove
• buttress roots - large, horizontally spreading, and vertically thickened roots at the base of trees
• modified roots

  A) prop roots

  B) storage roots

  C) storage roots

  D) aerial roots

  E) storage roots

  
• modified root p2

  A) storage root

  B) aerial root

  C) storage root

  D) storage root

  E) storage root