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• PERPETUATION OF LIFE


  Describe the different ways of how representative animals reproduce
• DAD: Decode – Arrange - Describe

  1. CELL

  2. ECOLOGY

  3. EVOLUTION

  4. ADAPTATION

  5. GROWTH
• Unifying themes


  • All levels of life have systems of related parts
  • Structure and function are related in biology
  • Organisms must maintain homeostasis to survive in diverse environment
  • Evolution explains the unity and diversity of life
  • Traits are being inherited and transferred
  • Organisms reproduce
  • Organisms are interdependent with one another
  • Organisms acquire and process energy
  • Scientific inquiry
  • Science, technology, and society
• Clone


  Morphologically and genetically similar individuals
• Sexual reproduction


  Reproduction in animals that involves production of new living organism through combining two gametes from different organism, one male producing motile gamete that must fused with the egg cell from female organism
• Egg


  Largest cell in the female body waiting for a motile gamete to be fused with
• Hermaphroditism


  Having two reproductive systems in one organism
• Budding


  A new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site
• Simple organisms reproduce through asexual reproduction – offspring come from a single parent and has the exact copy of the genes hence referred as "clone"
• Sexual reproduction in animals is the production of new living organism by combining two gametes from different organism, one male producing motile gamete that must fused with the egg cell from female organism
• Through sexual reproduction, similarity is preserve with respect to the transfer of genes from the parts to offspring and individuality that explains the individual characteristics possessed by an organism different from their parents nor siblings
• Sexual Reproduction


  1. Male gametes (sperm cell) fuses with female gamete (egg cell) to form a diploid cell called zygote containing two sets of chromosomes

  2. Genetic material contained in their chromosomes combine to produce genetically diverse offspring that are different from both parents
• Most mammals and amphibians reproduce through the method of sexual reproduction
• Asexual Reproduction


  • Formation of new individuals from the cells of a single parent
  • Does not involve the union of gametes (sperm cell and egg cell) and it does not change the number of chromosomes present
  • Resulting offspring is similar or identical to the parent and without the need for a mate, they are able to reproduce
• Asexual reproduction is very common in plants and is less common in animals