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Biology Paper 1
Topic 1- Cell Biology
Cell differentiation and Specialisation
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Molly Wilson
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Cards (7)
Cell differentiation
The process by which cells become
specialised
for different
functions
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Examples of specialised cells
Sperm
cells
Nerve
cells
Muscle
cells
Root hair cells
Xylem
and
phloem
cells
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Sperm cells
Long
tail
and streamlined
head
to get to egg. Lots of
mitochondria
to provide energy needed to swim. Carries
enzymes
in
head
to digest through the egg cell.
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Nerve cells
Specialised for
transmitting electrical signals
by being
long
and having branched
connections
to connect to nerve cells throughout the body.
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Muscle cells
Specialised for
contraction,
long so they have
space
to contract and contain lots of
mitochondria
to generate energy needed.
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Root hair cells
Specialised for absorbing
water
and
minerals
from the soil by long
hairs
that stick into the soil. Big
surface
area
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Xylem and phloem cells
Specialised for transporting substances like
water
and
nutrients
through the plant. Xylem are
hollow.
Phloem
have few subcellular structures.
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