animal farm

• Allegory

  Animal Farm symbolizes Russian history.
• Cruelty


  Jones's mistreatment of animals is evident in Major's speech.
• Utopia


  Old Major dreams of a future free from cruelty.
• Democracy

  Introduced by Major but flawed due to lack of understanding.
• Violence


  Jones's gunshots symbolize the link between power and violence.
• Power Structures

  Existing structures are shown as corrupt and exploitative.
• Forms of Power

  Story portrays brutal, intellectual, and physical power dynamics.
• Corruption


  Leaders gradually become corrupt, exemplified by changing Commandments.
• Flawed Leaders


  Old Major, Snowball, and Napoleon exhibit various flaws.
• Descent into Corruption


  Pigs' corruption mirrors Orwell's critique of the Russian Revolution.
• Propaganda


  Used to manipulate animals, control information, and maintain power.
• Slogans

  Simple phrases like 'Napoleon is always right' manipulate animals.
• Language Power

  Pigs' command of language helps them control and manipulate others.
• Rebellion


  Orwell warns against small group-led revolutions leading to tyranny.
• Revolutionary Leaders


  Leaders who can become corrupt and incompetent post-revolution.
• Pigs' Behavior


  Pigs adopting human ways and making self-benefiting deals.
• Totalitarianism


  System where leaders have complete control, often hypocritical.
• Education Importance


  Orwell's argument that education prevents societal tyranny.
• Inequality Symbolism


  Symbolized by Mr. Jones profiting while animals suffer.
• Equality Struggle


  Struggle to establish equality post-rebellion, evident in pigs' privileges.
• Animal Intelligence


  Varying levels of intelligence among animals, impacting hierarchy.
• Class Divisions


  Representation of natural class divisions based on intelligence.
• Pigs' Manipulation


  Pigs using intelligence to manipulate and control other animals.
• Religion's Role


  Religion as a motivating factor and tool for manipulation.
• Moses' Influence

  Moses' tales offer hope and distraction from harsh reality.
• Tsar Nicholas II


  Ruled Russia before the 1917 Revolution, representing the oppressive ruling class.
• Revolution of 1917


  Sought to overthrow the Tsar and empower the working class, paralleled in Animal Farm.
• Metaphor


  Animals symbolize different sections of society in Animal Farm.
• Exploitation

  The animals face hardships and are exploited by Mr. Jones and the pigs.
• Rebellion


  Initiated by the animals to change their circumstances on the farm.
• Lazy and neglectful


  Mr. Jones symbolizes the Emperor's characteristics in Animal Farm.
• Working class


  Represented by the animals in Animal Farm, mirroring the Russian working class.
• Ruling class


  Initially represented by Mr. Jones, later adopted by the pigs in Animal Farm.
• Hardships

  Described by Old Major as lack of happiness, leisure, and abundance of misery and slavery.
• Exploitation by Mr. Jones

  Animals' produce sold for profit by Mr. Jones, not benefiting the animals.
• Exploitation by the pigs

  Pigs take extra resources for themselves, justifying it by claiming it's for the animals' sake.
• Threat

  Pigs exploit others by using the return of Jones as a fear tactic.
• Old Major's speech


  Highlights the animals' difficulties and sets the stage for rebellion in Animal Farm.
• Animal Rebellion


  Initiated to change the oppressive conditions on the farm.
• Squealer

  Justifies the pigs' actions and manipulates others through persuasive language.