Mammalia

• Pelage- guard hairs are the outer layer of hair on mammals. Quills are modified guard hairs on porcupines and bristles are modified gaurd hairs on a lions mane
• Pelage- Underfur soft fur underneath the outer coat of a mammal, lambs
• Pelage- vibrissae are whiskers and mechanoreceptors
• Buccal side - towards the cheek
• Lingual side - towards the tongue
• Canines - tear
• Incisors - cut
• Molars - grind
• occlusion - fit of teeth
• cusp - cutting edge of teeth
• diastema - gap between incisors and molars
• Diphyodont - 2 sets of teeth
• Heterodont- teeth different
• Carnassial Teeth- 4th upper molar and 1st lower molar modified to form a blade-like tooth, used for shearing
• Thecodont- teeth in sockets
• Dentary - Lower jaw
• Auditory bullae - houses internal ear structures
• Foreman magnum - big hole in skull connects the spinal cord to the brain
• occipital condyles- the polished sides of the foreman magnum
• olfaction - smell
• synapsid - 1 temporal fenestrae
• turbinate bones- found in snout, warms air and conserves water in exhalation
• sudoriferous gland- sweat gland
• sebaceous gland- oil glands
• Quadraped- Foreman Magnum horozontal to the ground
• Biped- walk erect, foramen magnum dorsal relative to the ground

  
• Atlas- superior of spine, inside neck

  
• diaphragm - sepate lungs cavity from organs in abdominal cavity, creates negative pressure in lungs. Allows animal to vomit
• Cervical - neck spine
• Coccyx tailbone
• intervertebral discs- cushion the spine twist and bend
• sacral weird part of the pelvic region
• thoracic- between neck and abdomen
• digitigrade- walking on toes
• plantigrade- feet flat on ground
• unguligrade- walking on hooves