context clues

• context clues


  information a reader can get from reading that helps show what a word or group of means
• some types of context clue


  - helping words or punctuation

  - opposite or same meaning

  - own experience

  - sentences before or after

  - definition provided

  - examples given
• definition


  is explained by using a more familiar word or phrase
• restatement or synonym


  The meaning is usually right after the unfamiliar word and often separated from the rest of the sentence with commas, dashes, or parentheses; sometimes, or that is, or in other words is used.
• comparison


  is shown to be the same as or like another word
• signals used to the comparison


  too, like, as, similar to, in the same way
• contrast or antonym


  The unfamiliar word is shown to be different from or unlike another word, and is often an opposite
• signals used to the antonym


  but, however, although, otherwise, unless, instead, on the contrary, on the other hand, while, never, no, or not may be used to signal contrast.
• example


  is cleared up by giving an example
• signals used to the example


  for instance, such as, for example
• list or series


  The unfamiliar word is included in a series of related words that give an idea of the word's meaning
• cause and effect


  is signated by a cause and effect relationship
• description or inference


  The meaning of an unfamiliar word can be inferred from the description of a situation or experience.
• using dictionary


  - look at the preface and notes

  - known definition of a word
• 1.1 guide words


  listed alphabetically
• 1.2 main or word entries

  - words that are explained

  - appear in boldface (dark)
• 1.3 parts of speech - 9 abbreviation

  noun, pronoun, interjection, conjunction, adjective, adverb, preposition, intransitive verb, transitive verb
• 1.4 spelling


  proper way of spelling including the grammar
• using the thesaurus


  - best place to look for synonym and antonym

  - opposite of dictionary

  - know the definition but not the word
• using the internet


  - provide many different types of information

  -via the www
• meaning of WWW


  World Wide Web
• different types of research coming under the category of purpose

  1. descriptive

  2. analytical

  3. exploratory

  4. predictive
• descriptive1


  includes fact
• descriptive2


  answer what why who when how and all
• descriptive3


  has no control over the variable
• descriptive4


  only to report what is happening
• descriptive5


  use frequencies, averages, satistical calculations
• descriptive6


  methods include survey and all kind of comparative
• subdivisions of descriptive research


  survey research, the case study, correlational study, comparative study
• analytical1


  mainly carrying of analysis, involves secondary data
• analytical2


  aim is to understand by discovering and measuring causal relations
• analytical3


  use facts or info readily to analyze and make critical evaluation
• analytical4


  explain existing state of affairs from available data
• subdivisions of analytical research


  historical research, philosophical research, review, research synthesis
• research synthesis


  analysis of the review already published
• exploratory1


  design is conducted about a research problem
• exploratory2


  focus on gaining insights and familiarity
• predictive1


  determine the frequency with something occurs or its association with something else
• predictive2


  able to define clearly what he wants to measure
• predictive3


  statistical tools, includes regression, linear regression, logistic regression