Bio- industrialization and Urbanization

• Industrialisation


  The growth of large scale manufacturing
• Industrialisation process


  1. Began about 300 years ago in Europe with the Industrial Revolution

  2. Has since spread all around the world
• Factories


  • Use a lot of raw materials and energy to produce their products
  • Often also produce a lot of pollution
• Things produced in factories

  • Cell phones
  • Computers
• Factories are producing new things which were never produced before
• The growth of large scale manufacturing is described as industrialisation
• Population growth


  When the number of people born in a given year is more than the number of people dying in that year
• The human population has grown rapidly due to people living longer because of improved health care, sanitation and increased food production
• In recent years, the number of births per year has decreased in many parts of the world as people have started to choose to have fewer children and make greater use of birth control measures
• The rate of population growth has slowed down but it is still growing and will continue to do so for many years to come
• Urbanisation


  More than half of the world's population lives in cities, not because of higher birth rates but because of migration from rural to urban areas
• Reasons for urbanisation


  • More jobs
  • Better opportunities for education
  • Better health care and other services
• As cities grow, they become harder to manage due to waste disposal, pollution, and the need to transport food and other goods into the city
• Hard asphalt and concrete surfaces in cities

  Rainwater is forced to flow into drains instead of seeping into the soil, which can lead to flooding if the drains are too small or clogged
• Hard surfaces and lack of vegetation in cities

  Make cities hotter than surrounding areas, which is made worse by tall buildings blocking the wind