Quiz 2

• Virtues


  Moral excellence, the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong, character traits that enable us to be and to act in ways
• Virtue ethics


  A philosophy developed by Aristotle and other ancient Greeks, the quest to understand and live a life of moral character
• Good habits for nurses

  • Listening well
  • Appreciation for other cultures and beliefs
  • Communication skills to initiate conversations
  • Handling negative responses
• Intellectual virtues

  • Traits that aim at things like truth, knowledge, understanding, and wisdom
• Master virtues


  • Curiosity
  • Intellectual autonomy
  • Humility
  • Attentiveness
  • Carefulness
  • Thoroughness
  • Open-mindedness
• Four cardinal virtues in Christian theology

  • Prudence
  • Justice
  • Fortitude
  • Temperance
• Prudence


  The ability to govern and discipline oneself using reason
• Justice


  The quality of being just, impartial, or fair, the principle of just dealing or right action
• Fortitude


  Strength of mind that enables a person to encounter danger or bear pain or adversity with courage
• Temperance


  Quality of moderation or self-restraint
• Theological virtues


  • Faith
  • Hope
  • Charity
• Faith


  Belief and trust in and loyalty to God, belief in the traditional doctrines of a religion
• Hope


  An optimistic state of mind that is based on an expectation of positive outcome
• Charity


  Generosity and helpfulness especially toward the needy or suffering
• Intellectual virtues of a good thinker or learner

  • Critical thinking
  • Open-mindedness
  • Intellectual humility
  • Curiosity
  • Perseverance
• Speculative and practical virtue


  Perfected in its consideration of what is true
• Practical intellectual virtue


  Capacity to act based on reasoning about things that are good or bad for humanity
• Moral cardinal virtues


  Prudence, justice, fortitude, temperance
• How cardinal virtues help us

  Powers rooted in the presence of God, in grace, that enable us to establish and nurture healthy and life-giving relationships with God, our neighbor, the world, and the self
• Theological virtues


  Faith, hope, and charity (as defined by St. Paul), the foundation of Christian moral activity
• Hope (theological virtue)


  The virtue by which we desire the kingdom of heaven and eternal life as our happiness
• Charity (theological virtue)


  The virtue by which we love God above all things for his own sake, and our neighbor as ourselves for the love of God
• Most important virtue of a healthcare provider

  The practice of honesty, being trustworthy to patients
• Virtues of a healthcare provider

  • Altruism
  • Integrity
  • Fidelity
  • Humility
  • Honesty
  • Respect
  • Compassion
• Altruism

  The principle and practice of concern for the well-being and/or happiness of other humans, the opposite of selfishness
• Integrity


  Honesty, trustworthiness, incorruptibility to a degree responsibility, respect for confidentiality
• Fidelity


  Nurses must remain true to professional promises, such as the promise to provide high-quality, competent, safe, and efficient patient care, supportive of patient decisions, promoting patient autonomy and the furtherance of the profession
• Humility


  Means to see to our limitations and weaknesses, view their own importance as equal to others, provides an opportunity to improve and move on to a better perspective
• Honesty


  Nurses are dedicated to being truthful, patients are then able to trust the nurse in a therapeutic relationship throughout their care, helps put the patient at ease and helps them to move toward optimal wellness
• Respect

  Intentional act of showing consideration for another person's interests and well-being
• Compassion


  Having an overall sense of trustworthiness
• Vices


  Flaws or defects, moral defects and professional vices, personal factors that hinder or obstruct the fulfilling of one's professional role
• Pride (vice)


  When viewed as a virtue, pride in one's abilities is known as virtuous pride, greatness of soul, or magnanimity. When viewed as a vice, it is often known to be self-idolatry or sadistic contempt
• Envy (vice)


  The central disposition of the vice of envy is to have feelings of lower self-esteem and self-worth
• Anger (vice)


  Anger is a vice because it can cause us to hurt others
• Sloth (vice)


  Reluctance to work or make an effort; laziness
• Gluttony (vice)


  A vice of excess, such as eating or drinking too much, especially sugar, salt, or fat which are at the root of many diseases. But gluttony or excess may occur in relationships also, it may be expecting too much from oneself or others
• Basic ethical principles


  • Non-maleficence/beneficence
  • Health maximization/efficiency
  • Respect for autonomy
  • Justice, proportionality
• Principle of totality


  States that all decisions in medical ethics must prioritize the good of the entire person, including physical, psychological, and spiritual factors
• Principle of cooperation


  Participation of one agent in the activity of another agent to produce a particular effect or share in a joint activity, becomes ethically problematical when the action of the primary agent is morally wrong