Fire Hazards

• What to do when discovering a fire

  Recognize and prioritize immediate actions
• Navigating during a fire emergency

  Follow established evacuation plans
• Cigarettes can cause fires even when extinguished properly
• Fire Classifications

  Categorize fires based on type of fuel burning
• Cooking oil fires would likely be Class B
• Precautionary Measures

  Actions to take when a fire extinguisher is unavailable or unknown how to use
• Fire Extinguisher

  Device used to extinguish small fires
• Water extinguishers should not be used on electrical (Class C) fires
• Using a fire extinguisher

  1. Pull

  2. Aim

  3. Squeeze

  4. Sweep
• Basic response procedures - inside a burning building

  1. Exit immediately

  2. Pull the alarm

  3. Warn others

  4. Feel the door

  5. Use the stairs

  6. Stay low

  7. Call for help
• Basic response procedures - outside a burning building

  1. Stay away

  2. Call for help

  3. Inform others

  4. Follow instructions
• Basic response procedures - if on fire

  1. Stop, drop, and roll

  2. Cool the burns
• Stop, drop, and roll procedure is for when clothes are on fire
• Fire Emergency Evacuation Plan (FEEP)


  Crucial tool for minimizing damage and ensuring safety during a fire
• FEEP Parts

  • Mode of Evacuation
  • Identification of Escape Routes
  • Assignments of Duties and Responsibilities
  • Calling the Fire Department
  • Assembly Point
  • Fire Drill
• It's important to have two escape routes planned for your home in case of a fire
• Causes of Fire

  1. Lightning
  2. Bomb Explosion
  3. Pyrotechnics
  4. Spontaneous combustion
  5. Neglected electrical appliances or devices
  6. Electrical machineries
  7. Matchstick/Lighter
  8. Candle/Gas lamps
  9. Torch
  10. Cigarette butt
  11. Neglected cooking stove
  12. LPG-related
  13. Faulty electrical wiring or connection
• Class A


  Fires involving ordinary combustible materials that leaves ash such as paper, wood, plastic, rubber, cloth, and trash.
• Class B


  Fires involving combustible chemicals of liquid and gas such as petroleum oil, gasoline, paint, propane, and butane.
• Class C


  Fires involving energized electrical compounds such as electrical appliances, motor equipment, and machines.
• Class D


  Fires involving combustible metals such as potassium, sodium, aluminum, magnesium, and titanium
• Class K


  Fires involving combustible household liquids such as cooking oil, animal fat, and grease.
• Dry Chemical Fire extinguisher 


  The most common fire extinguisher used because it can extinguish most fire classes. The dry chemical interacts with the fire triangle by creating a barrier between the oxygen and the fuel source. (A,B,C)
• Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF)


  AFFF is useful in extinguishing fires with combustible solids and liquids. The foam creates a coating that removes the heat and coats the fuel to prevent oxygen contact. (A,B)
• Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)123


  It is a halogenated or clean agent that extinguishes a fire by interrupting the chemical reaction of the fire. It also removes the heat in the fire triangle. (A, B,C)
• Carbon Dioxide 


  Most effective in enclosed spaces as it reduces the oxygen. concentration of the area. It also removes heat from its cold discharge. (B,C)
• Water


  Only useful for solid combustible materials because it Interacts negatively on other fire class types. (A)
• Dry powder 


  The only effective extinguisher against class D fires. It extinguishes the fire by removing the heat in the fire triangle.
• Wet chemical


  Were developed specifically for class K fires. for areas highly vulnerable to these classes of fires such as restaurants. They extinguish the fire by preventing oxygen from interacting with the fuel source.
• Phases of Fire

  1. Incipient
  2. Growth
  3. Flashover
  4. Fully developed
  5. Decay