The different biological and physiological characteristics of males and females, such as reproductive organs, chromosomes, hormones, etc.
Sex
Biological differences (Male and Female)
Created by reproduction needs
Assigned at birth
Can be changed
Gender
The socially constructed characteristics of women and men – such as norms, roles and relationships of and between groups of women and men. It varies from society to society and can be changed.
Gender
Social differences (Masculine and Feminine)
Gender roles and gender expectations may differ across time and culture
Gender distinction is created by social norms
Is something we express
Gender identity
Individual's internal sense of their own gender, which may or may not align with the expectations imposed by societal gender roles
Gender Expression
How you express your gender identity. This is a combination of clothing, physical appearance, behavior and mannerisms that convey your gender identity.
Cisgender
Describes a person whose gender identity aligns with the assumptions their culture makes about members of their sex. A person who is assigned a female at birth and identifies as female is considered cis.
Transgender
A person's gender identity doesn't match the assumed characteristics of their assigned sex.
Nonbinary
Describes a person who feels that their gender identity doesn't align within the male/female division.
Stages of reproductive roles
Pre-conception
Conception
Pregnancy
Childbirth
Postpartum and Infancy
Parenting
Sexuality
How a person feels about themselves, their body, their relationships, and their sexual experiences.
Self-awareness
Conscious knowledge of one's own character, feelings, motives, and desires.
Sexual self-awareness
Having an understanding and consciousness of one's own sexual desires, preferences, boundaries, and identity.
Sexual Self
Your sexual health, sexual orientation, gender identity and expression and values around sexuality.
Factors affecting Sexual Self
Biological
Psychological
Social
Other awareness
Social or interpersonal awareness, is the ability to perceive, understand, and sense the emotions, needs, goals, thoughts, behaviors, culture, and perspectives of others in various social settings.
Sexual Attraction
Finding someone not only attractive but also thinking about having sexual relations with them, including having fantasies about such encounters.
Factors affecting sexual attraction
Biological (Hormones)
Psychological (Individual Preferences, Similarities, Familiarity, and novelty)
Social (Societal or Cultural Norms, Social Medias, and Social Status and Power)
Heterosexual
Attraction to people of the opposite gender.
Homosexual
Attraction to people of the same gender.
Lesbian
The tendency and orientation of a human female to be emotionally and usually sexually attracted to other females.
Gay
Sexually or romantically attracted men of the same gender.
Bisexual
Romantic and sexual attraction toward both male and females.
Pansexual
Attraction to people regardless of their gender identity or biological sex.
Asexual
Experiencing little to no sexual attraction to others.
Demisexual
Sexual orientation characterized by experiencing sexual attraction only after forming a strong emotional bond or connection with someone.
Cisgender
People who identity comfortably with their gender assigned at birth.
Transgender
People who's gender identity don't match their gender assigned at birth.
Non-binary
People who identify themselves neither woman nor a man.
Sex
Biological characteristics that lead to them being assigned either 'MALE' or 'FEMALE'.
Characteristics of reproductive/sex organs
Primary (developed and present at birth, e.g. Penis, testes, uterus, and ovaries)
Secondary (develop as an organism enters puberty or sexual maturity, e.g. Body hair, particular odors, behaviors.)
Sexuality
Total expression of WHO YOU ARE AS A HUMAN BEING, your femaleness or maleness. Your sexuality is an interplay between body image, gender identity, gender role, sexual orientation, eroticism, genitals, intimacy, relationships, and love and affection.
A person's sexuality includes his or her attitudes, values, knowledge and behaviors. How people express their sexuality is influenced by their families, culture, society, faith and beliefs.
Differences between sex and sexuality
Sex (biological dimension)
Gender (socio-cultural dimension)
Sexuality (psychological dimension)
Importance of gender equality: It saves life, results in better healthcare, is good for the economy, leads to better legalprotections, reduces poverty, and can lead to peace.
Sexual Harassment
Any UNWANTED SEXUAL BEHAVIOR that makes someone feel upset, scared, offended or humiliated, or is meant to make them feel that way.
Types of sexual harassment
Verbal
Non-Verbal
Physical
Sexual harassment is UNWANTED, UNWELCOME, UNINVITED behavior of a sexual nature or INAPPROPRIATE SEXUAL ADVANCES or offensive remarks about a person's sex, sexual orientation, or gender identity. It is an act, which may be committed PHYSICALLY, VERBALLY OR VISUALLY with or without the use of the information communication technology.
Paraphilia
Recurrent, intense, sexual arousing fantasies, sexual urges or behaviors.
Examples of paraphilia
Pedophilia (intense sexually attracted to a child/children)