kinship-polsci

• Kinship


  The "web of social relationship" that humans as a part of a family, which is the smallest unit of society
• Several points about Family

  • Kinship by Blood
  • Unilineal Descent
  • Bilateral Descent
  • Kinship by Marriage

  
• Kinship by Blood


  The most basic and universal type of kinship. Also known as a primary kinship, it involves people who are directly related
• Unilineal Descent


  When a child is born, he/she is automatically assigned to his/her mother or father's group. There are two types: matrilineal or patrilineal
• Political science


  Comes from the two Greek words polis and scire. Polis refers to the "city-state" in ancient Greece. The political activities within polis are later termed as politikus(latin). Scire means "to know". Combining the two meanings, political science aims to know the activities within the state.
• Bilateral Descent


  Allows an individual to trace kinship ties on both sides of the family
• Political science


  • Includes the study of human interaction and conflict, human and state relations, and power distribution
• Kinship by Marriage


  Marriage is defined as the socially or ritually recognized union or legal contract between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between husband, wife and their children
• Aristotle is called the father of political science because he elaborated the topics and thinking of ideal state, slavery, revolution, education, citizenship, forms of government, the theory of golden mean, theory of constitution etc.
• Politics


  The central concept in the discipline, defined by different theorists
• Types of Relatives


  • Descendant
  • Collateral relatives
  • Affine
• Descendant


  A blood relative in the direct line of descent – the children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, etc. of a person
• Theories of Politics


  • Alfred Boyer: Politics is the interaction between the civil society and the government
  • Max Weber: Politics is the exercise of power within a state
  • David Easton: Politics is the authoritative allocation of scarce values
• Types of Fictive Kinship

  • Adoption
  • Figurative usage
  • Ritual Kinship

  
• Sub disciplines of Political science

  • Political Theory
  • Comparative Politics
  • International Relations
  • Political Behaviour
  • Public Policy
  • Public Administration
• Political Theory


  • The entire body of doctrines relating to the origin, form, behavior, and purpose of the state
• Adoption


  A process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents
• Comparative Politics


  • About comparing various political systems and different constitutions among different countries through time
• Types of Families based on Marriage System

  • Patrifocal and Matrifocal
  • Monogamous
  • Polygamous
  • Extended Family
  • Reconstituted
• Patrifocal and Matrifocal


  A type of family that focused on one parent - a father (patrifocal) or a mother (matrifocal)
• Types of Post-marital Residency Rules

  • Patrilocal Residence
  • Matrilocal Residence
  • Neolocal
  • Avuncolocal
  • Natalocal
  • Matrifocal
  • Ambilocal
• Patrilocal Residence


  Upon marriage the woman is expected to transfer to the residence of her husband's family/residency. Her children will be raised by her husband's family and be integrated by their lineage
• Transnational Families practice alternative forms of residency patterns that are not based on lineage perpetuation but more so on economic reasons such as job offers, educational advancement, and job placement
• Adoption


  The legal process of establishing a parent-child relationship between people who are not biologically related. Can be carried out by couples or individuals who want to become parents, or by adults who want to legally establish a parent-child relationship with someone they are already caring for.
• Figurative usage


  The use of kinship terms (such as "brother," "sister," "mother," or "father") to describe a relationship that is not based on biology or legal status. For example, a close friend might be referred to as a "brother from another mother." This type of fictive kinship can help to express the emotional closeness and bond between two people.
• Ritual Kinship


  The creation of kinship ties through cultural or religious rituals. For example, in some cultures, individuals may become "godparents" to a child through a baptism or other religious ceremony. This creates a symbolic kinship bond between the godparent and the child, which may involve certain responsibilities and obligations.